{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T17:02:07Z","timestamp":1770742927829,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]],"date-time":"2022-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and objective: There is no report of the rate of opioid prescription at the time of hospital discharge, which may be associated with various patient and procedure-related factors. This study examined the prevalence and factors associated with prescribing opioids for head\/neck pain after elective craniotomy for tumor resection\/vascular repair. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study on adults undergoing elective craniotomy for tumor resection\/vascular repair at a large quaternary-care hospital. We used univariable and multivariable analysis to examine the prevalence and factors (pre-operative, intraoperative, and postoperative) associated with prescribing opioids at the time of hospital discharge. We also examined the factors associated with discharge oral morphine equivalent use. Results: The study sample comprised 273 patients with a median age of 54 years [IQR 41,65], 173 females (63%), 174 (63.7%) tumor resections, and 99 (36.2%) vascular repairs. The majority (n = 264, 96.7%) received opioids postoperatively. The opiate prescription rates were 72% (n = 196\/273) at hospital discharge, 23% (19\/83) at neurosurgical clinical visits within 30 days of the procedure, and 2.4% (2\/83) after 30 days from the procedure. The median oral morphine equivalent (OME) at discharge use was 300 [IQR 175,600]. Patients were discharged with a median supply of 5 days [IQR 3,7]. On multivariable analysis, opioid prescription at hospital discharge was associated with pre-existent chronic pain (adjusted odds ratio, aOR 1.87 [1.06,3.29], p = 0.03) and time from surgery to hospital discharge (compared to patients discharged within days 1\u20134 postoperatively, patients discharged between days 5\u201312 (aOR 0.3, 95% CI [0.15; 0.59], p = 0.0005), discharged at 12 days and later (aOR 0.17, 95% CI [0.07; 0.39], p &lt; 0.001)). There was a linear relationship between the first 24 h OME (p &lt; 0.001), daily OME (p &lt; 0.001), hospital OME (p &lt; 0.001), and discharge OME. Conclusions: This single-center study finds that at the time of hospital discharge, opioids are prescribed for head\/neck pain in as many as seven out of ten patients after elective craniotomy. A history of chronic pain and time from surgery to discharge may be associated with opiate prescriptions. Discharge OME may be associated with first 24-h, daily OME, and hospital OME use. Findings need further evaluation in a large multicenter sample. The findings are important to consider as there is growing interest in an early discharge after elective craniotomy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59010028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]],"date-time":"2022-12-23T03:26:25Z","timestamp":1671765985000},"page":"28","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Prevalence and Factors Associated with the Prescription of Opioids for Head\/Neck Pain after Elective Craniotomy for Tumor Resection\/Vascular Repair: A Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Wei-Yun","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5981-5093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Varadaraya Satyanarayan","family":"Shenoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine T.","family":"Fong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew M.","family":"Walters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laligam","family":"Sekhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Curatolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica S.","family":"Vavilala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6956-538X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abhijit V.","family":"Lele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000625","article-title":"The Economic Burden of Prescription Opioid Overdose, Abuse, and Dependence in the United States, 2013","volume":"54","author":"Florence","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med. 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