{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T06:13:03Z","timestamp":1792476783022,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]],"date-time":"2023-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Human immunodeficiency virus infection and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV\/AIDS) pandemic are unquestionably the most serious public crisis of our time. Identifying, preventing, and treating HIV-associated comorbidities remains a challenge that must be addressed even in the era of antiretroviral therapy. Materials and Methods: In this study, we aimed to characterize the aspects of newly diagnosed patients with HIV\/AIDS, during 2021\u20132022 in Northeastern Romania. We reviewed the frequency and associated comorbidities of these patients in correspondence with national and global results. Results: Our study found that of all newly diagnosed HIV cases (167 cases\u201474 cases in 2021 and 98 cases in 2022), 49.70% were diagnosed with HIV infection and 50.30% had AIDS. Based on sex correlated with the CD4+ T-lymphocyte level, the most affected were males, with a lower CD4+ T-lymphocyte level overall. The average HIV viral load was 944,689.55 copies\/mL. Half of males had an abnormal ALT or AST (39.53% and 49.61%); as for the females, less than a quarter had an increased value of ALT or AST, respectively (18% and 26%). The most frequent co-infections were as follows: oral candidiasis (34.73% of patients), hepatitis B (17.37% of patients), and SARS-CoV-2 infection (8.38%), followed by hepatitis C (6.39%), tuberculosis (TB), syphilis, toxoplasmosis, Cryptococcus, Cytomegalovirus infections. Males were more affected than females, with a higher percentage of co-infections. The prescribed antiretroviral treatment focused on a single-pill regimen (79.04%) to ensure adherence, effectiveness, and safety. Therefore, 20.96% had been prescribed a regimen according to their comorbidities. Conclusions: Our study found a concerning rise in the incidence of HIV in 2022 compared to that in 2021 in Northeastern Romania, because of the rise in post-SARS-CoV-2 pandemic addressability. Advanced immunodeficiency and the burden of opportunistic infections characterize newly diagnosed HIV patients. The physicians should keep in mind that these patients may have more than one clinical condition at presentation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59030440","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]],"date-time":"2023-02-23T03:56:58Z","timestamp":1677124618000},"page":"440","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Profile of Newly Diagnosed Patients with HIV Infection in North-Eastern Romania"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Isabela Ioana","family":"Loghin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, \u201cSt. Parascheva\u201d Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 700116 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8357-7048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrei","family":"V\u00e2\u0163\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, \u201cSt. Parascheva\u201d Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 700116 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioana Florina","family":"Mihai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Silva\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, \u201cSt. Parascheva\u201d Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 700116 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u015eerban Alin","family":"Rusu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, \u201cSt. Parascheva\u201d Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 700116 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u0103t\u0103lina Mihaela","family":"Luca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, \u201cSt. Parascheva\u201d Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 700116 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen Mihaela","family":"Dorob\u0103\u0163","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, \u201cSt. Parascheva\u201d Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 700116 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.2991\/jegh.k.210621.001","article-title":"Global Epidemiology of HIV\/AIDS: A Resurgence in North America and Europe","volume":"11","author":"Govender","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Glob. Health"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2022, November 28). 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