{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:09:45Z","timestamp":1760148585782,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004606","name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMRPG5K0092","111-2628-B-182A-016-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG5K0092","111-2628-B-182A-016-"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Taiwan Minister of Science and Technology","award":["CMRPG5K0092","111-2628-B-182A-016-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG5K0092","111-2628-B-182A-016-"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The patellofemoral joint involves a combination of bony structures and soft tissues to maintain stability. Patella instability is a disabling condition, and the cause is multifactorial. The main risk factors include patella alta, trochlea dysplasia, excessive tibial tuberosity to trochlea grove (TT\u2013TG) distance, and excessive lateral patella tilt. In this case report, we highlight the thinking process of diagnosis and method for selecting the optimal treatment in accordance with the guidelines by Dejour et al. when we are presented with a patient with patella instability. A 20-year-old Asian woman without underlying medical conditions, presented with recurrent (&gt;3 episodes) right patella dislocation for 7 years. Investigations revealed a type D trochlea dysplasia, increased TT\u2013TG distance, and excessive lateral tilt angle. She underwent trochlea sulcus deepening, sulcus lateralization and lateral facet elevation, lateral retinacular release, and medial quadriceps tendon\u2013femoral ligament (MQTFL) reconstruction. Due to the complexity behind the anatomy and biomechanics of patella instability, an easy-to-follow treatment algorithm is essential for the treating surgeon to provide effective and efficient treatment. MQTFL reconstruction is recommended for recurrent patella dislocation due to satisfactory clinical and patient reported outcomes and a reduced risk of iatrogenic patella fracture. Controversies for surgical indication in lateral retinacular release, and whether the sulcus angle is an accurate parameter for diagnosis of trochlea dysplasia, remain, and further research is required.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59050986","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T10:35:11Z","timestamp":1684492511000},"page":"986","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Reconstruction of High-Grade Trochlea Dysplasia in a Young Female with Recurrent Patella Dislocation: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Chih-Hsuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuo-Yao","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 236, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"You-Hung","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 236, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Pang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Sheu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taoyuan Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shih-Sheng","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taoyuan Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0111-490X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao-Yu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9415-5115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chih-Hao","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2751","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00211","article-title":"Current Concepts Review: Patellar Instability","volume":"90","author":"Colvin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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