{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T00:56:15Z","timestamp":1793321775036,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,11]],"date-time":"2023-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Obesity is a worldwide disease associated with systemic complications. In recent years, there has been growing interest in studying vitamin D but data related to obese subjects are still poor. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between obesity degree and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels. Materials and Methods: We recruited 147 Caucasian adult obese patients (BMI &gt; 30 Kg\/m2; 49 male; median age 53 years), and 20 overweight subjects as control group (median age 57 years), who had been referred to our Obesity Center of Chieti (Italy) between May 2020 and September 2021. Results: The median BMI was 38 (33\u201342) kg\/m2 for obese patients and 27 (26\u201328) kg\/m2 for overweight patients. 25(OH)D concentrations were lower in the obese population compared to the overweight population (19 ng\/mL vs. 36 ng\/mL; p &lt; 0.001). Considering all obese subjects, a negative correlation was observed between 25(OH)D concentrations and obesity-related parameters (weight, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, visceral fat, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol) and glucose metabolism-related parameters. 25(OH)D was also negatively correlated with blood pressure. Conclusions: Our data confirmed the inverse relationship between obesity and blood concentration of 25(OH)D and highlighted how 25(OH)D levels decrease in the presence of glucose and lipid metabolism alterations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59061123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]],"date-time":"2023-06-12T01:28:21Z","timestamp":1686533301000},"page":"1123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Gender, Obesity, Fat Distribution and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7225-0891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Guagnano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of \u201cClinica Medica\u201d, Department of Medicine and Aging Science, \u201cG. D\u2019Annunzio\u201d University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5573-4536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damiano","family":"D\u2019Ardes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of \u201cClinica Medica\u201d, Department of Medicine and Aging Science, \u201cG. D\u2019Annunzio\u201d University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6448-8960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pamela","family":"Di Giovanni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Pharmacy, \u201cG. D\u2019Annunzio\u201d University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5163-9929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of \u201cClinica Medica\u201d, Department of Medicine and Aging Science, \u201cG. D\u2019Annunzio\u201d University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9303-7790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Boccatonda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Bentivoglio Hospital, AUSL Bologna, 40010 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5213-7768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Bucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of \u201cClinica Medica\u201d, Department of Medicine and Aging Science, \u201cG. D\u2019Annunzio\u201d University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Cipollone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of \u201cClinica Medica\u201d, Department of Medicine and Aging Science, \u201cG. D\u2019Annunzio\u201d University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) (2000). Obesity: Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic. Report of a WHO Consultation. Geneva, WHO Technical Report Series."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.recesp.2017.04.010","article-title":"Association of General and Abdominal Obesity with Hypertension, Dyslipidemia and Prediabetes in the PREDAPS Study","volume":"71","author":"Torrecilla","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev. Espa\u00f1ola Cardiol. (Engl. Ed.)"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2017.01.021","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation guidelines","volume":"175","author":"Pludowski","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. 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