{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T17:57:35Z","timestamp":1794333455129,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,21]],"date-time":"2023-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687305600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Potential Celiac Disease (PCD) is defined by positive celiac serology without villous atrophy. We aimed to describe the short-term outcome of pediatric PCD while consuming a gluten-containing diet (GCD). Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of pediatric PCD patients continuing GCD, between December 2018\u2013January 2022. Baseline demographics, celiac serology and duodenal biopsy results were reviewed. Follow-up data included repeated serology and biopsy results when performed. Minimum follow-up was 12 months unless celiac disease (CeD) was diagnosed earlier. Results: PCD was diagnosed in 90 children (71% females) with a mean age of 7.2 (range 1.8\u201316.5) years. Baseline anti-tissue transglutaminase (TTG) levels were above 10 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) in 17\/90 (18.9%), 3\u201310 \u00d7 ULN in 56\/90 (62.2%) and 1\u20133 \u00d7 ULN in 17\/90 (18.9%). During follow-up, the mean time was 17.6 (range 5\u201335) months, TTG normalized in 34\/90 (37.8%), was stable in 48\/90 (53.3%), and increased or remained &gt;10 \u00d7 ULN in 8\/90 (8.9%). In 20\/90 (22.2%) patients, a repeat endoscopy was performed, leading to CeD diagnosis in 12\/20 (60%). Thus, at the end of follow-up, CeD was diagnosed in 12\/90 (13.3%). In patients with TTG &gt;10 \u00d7 ULN at diagnosis, TTG normalized in 5\/17, decreased to 3\u201310 \u00d7 ULN in 8\/17, and remained above 10 \u00d7 ULN in 4\/17. Conclusions: During the short-term follow-up of pediatric PCD patients, less than 15% progressed to CeD. A third had normalized TTG levels, including children with TTG &gt;10 \u00d7 ULN, indicating the need for periodic serological and histological follow-up among PCD patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59071182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,22]],"date-time":"2023-06-22T01:49:32Z","timestamp":1687398572000},"page":"1182","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Characterization and Short-Term Outcome of Potential Celiac Disease in Children"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Michal","family":"Kori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot 5801303, Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chani","family":"Topf-Olivestone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Assuta Medical Center, Ashdod 7747629, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Firas","family":"Rinawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Emek Medical Center, Afula 1834111, Israel"},{"name":"The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa 3200001, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffi","family":"Lev-Tzion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Juliet Keidan Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadya","family":"Ziv-Sokolovskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot 5801303, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noy","family":"Lapidot Alon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children\u2019s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva 4920235, Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4175-7432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anat","family":"Guz-Mark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children\u2019s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva 4920235, Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4287-3681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raanan","family":"Shamir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children\u2019s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva 4920235, Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.3109\/00365521.2013.777470","article-title":"Prevalence and natural history of potential celiac disease in adult patients","volume":"48","author":"Biagi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Scand. 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