{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T01:00:45Z","timestamp":1778720445390,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]],"date-time":"2023-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690416000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are independently linked to an increase in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Only a few studies have been published linking the association between overlap syndrome and congestive heart failure (CHF). This review highlights the interplay between overlap syndrome (OSAHS-COPD) and CHF. Materials and methods: We thoroughly reviewed published literature from 2005 to 2022 in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases to explore the link between overlap syndrome and cardiovascular outcomes, specifically congestive heart failure. Results: Research indicates that individuals with overlap syndrome are more likely to develop congestive heart failure than those with COPD or OSA alone. Congestive heart failure is a common comorbidity of overlap syndrome, and it has a two-way connection with sleep-related breathing disorders, which tend to occur together more frequently than expected by chance. Conclusions: CHF seems to have a strong relationship with OS. Further research is required to understand the relationship between OS and CHF.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59081374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T01:51:47Z","timestamp":1690509107000},"page":"1374","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The Interplay between Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Congestive Heart Failure: Time to Collectively Refer to Them as Triple Overlap Syndrome?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Prakash","family":"Banjade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara 33700, Nepal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamal","family":"Kandel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara 33700, Nepal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asmita","family":"Itani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sampada","family":"Adhikari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur 44200, Nepal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yogendra Mani","family":"Basnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Patan Academy of Health Sciences-School of Medicine, Lalitpur 26500, Nepal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Munish","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor Scott and White, Temple, TX 76508, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7105-4266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salim","family":"Surani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary, Critical Care & Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 79016, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.26719\/emhj.18.014","article-title":"Global prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Varmaghani","year":"2019","journal-title":"East. 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