{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:26:12Z","timestamp":1760149572004,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korea University Research &amp; Business Foundation","award":["Q2217521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Q2217521"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Cerebral ischemia is one of the major preoperative complications. Dexmedetomidine is a well-known sedative\u2013hypnotic agent that has potential organ-protective effects. We examine the miRNAs associated with preconditioning effects of dexmedetomidine in cerebral ischemia. Materials and Methods: Transient infarcts were induced in mice via reperfusion after temporary occlusion of one side of the middle cerebral artery. A subset of these mice was exposed to dexmedetomidine prior to cerebral infarction and miRNA profiling of the whole brain was performed. We administered dexmedetomidine and miRNA-323-5p mimic\/inhibitor to oxygen\u2013glucose deprivation\/reoxygenation astrocytes. Additionally, we administered miR-323-5p mimic and inhibitor to mice via intracerebroventricular injection 2 h prior to induction of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Results: The infarct volume was significantly lower in the dexmedetomidine-preconditioned mice. Analysis of brain samples revealed an increased expression of five miRNAs and decreased expression of three miRNAs in the dexmedetomidine-pretreated group. The viability of cells significantly increased and expression of miR-323-5p was attenuated in the dexmedetomidine-treated oxygen\u2013glucose deprivation\/reoxygenation groups. Transfection with anti-miR-323-5p contributed to increased astrocyte viability. When miRNA-323-5p was injected intraventricularly, infarct volume was significantly reduced when preconditioned with the miR-323-5p inhibitor compared with mimic and negative control. Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine has a protective effect against transient neuronal ischemia\u2013reperfusion injury and eight specific miRNAs were profiled. Also, miRNA-323-5p downregulation has a cell protective effect under ischemic conditions both in vivo and in vitro. Our findings suggest the potential of the miR-323-5p inhibitor as a therapeutic agent against cerebral infarction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59091518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T10:28:05Z","timestamp":1692786485000},"page":"1518","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["MicroRNA-323-5p Involved in Dexmedetomidine Preconditioning Impart Neuroprotection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5136-1058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyunyoung","family":"Seong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0769-9697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daun","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Healthcare Service Innovation, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eung Hwi","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Healthcare Service Innovation, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2986-4932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyung Seob","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donghyun","family":"Na","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seung Zhoo","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jang Eun","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e139","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000757","article-title":"Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association","volume":"141","author":"Virani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-015-0494-9","article-title":"Perioperative stroke","volume":"63","author":"Vlisides","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can. 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