{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T19:07:05Z","timestamp":1778353625661,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,13]],"date-time":"2023-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) most frequently metastasizes in the lungs, abdominal lymph nodes and adrenal glands. Metastatic spread to the head and neck area is extremely rare. In the presented case, an uncommon site of solitary metastatic spread of HCC to the mandible confirmed after the core biopsy of the lesion is reported. There have been only about 80 cases of mandibular HCC metastases described in the literature to date. We contribute our experience to the pool of data. Case presentation: A 65-year-old female with HCV-related liver cirrhosis was diagnosed with an HCC that was successfully treated with liver resection. Subsequently, the patient had developed COVID-19 disease, which was associated with a painless swelling in the left jaw. A neck MDCT scan demonstrated an osteolytic soft-tissue mass in the left mandible, with the characteristics consistent for the metastasis of HCC. In order to confirm the diagnosis, a core biopsy of the mandibular mass was performed. The pathohistological evaluation confirmed the presence of a metastatic HCC in the mandible. No other sites of disease dissemination were identified in extensive MDCT scans. Despite considering various treatments, including symptomatic and palliative, the patient\u2019s overall prognosis remained poor. Conclusions: Isolated metastases of HCC to the orofacial region are extremely rare; however, it should be considered in patients with known risk factors for HCC development. Early diagnosis is critical, and clinicians should consider this possibility of HCC spread when assessing patients with orofacial swelling, among those patients with risk factors for HCC. The overall prognosis for such patients remains poor, emphasizing the challenges in managing these cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59111992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,13]],"date-time":"2023-11-13T08:35:52Z","timestamp":1699864552000},"page":"1992","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Rare Case of Isolated Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis in Left Mandibular Region in a Patient with Hepatitis C Virus Liver Cirrhosis Diagnosed after the Onset of COVID-19 Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Dragan","family":"Ma\u0161ulovi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Radiology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Pasterova No. 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica No. 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0526-1141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksa","family":"Igi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Radiology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Pasterova No. 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aleksandar","family":"Filipovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Radiology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Pasterova No. 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica No. 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milo\u0161","family":"Zako\u0161ek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Radiology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Pasterova No. 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5900-7563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Du\u0161an","family":"Bulatovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Radiology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Pasterova No. 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0689-5947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ksenija","family":"Mijovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Radiology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Pasterova No. 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marjan","family":"Micev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Pathology, Clinic for Digestive Surgery, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Dr Subotica No. 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2262-8726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danijel","family":"Galun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica No. 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"HPB Unit, Clinic for Digestive Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"5","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-017-1209-1","article-title":"Epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma: Target population for surveillance and diagnosis","volume":"1","author":"Tang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Abdom. 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