{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T03:02:42Z","timestamp":1792465362284,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":332,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]],"date-time":"2024-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pediatric cardiomyopathies (CMs) and electrical diseases constitute a heterogeneous spectrum of disorders distinguished by structural and electrical abnormalities in the heart muscle, attributed to a genetic variant. They rank among the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population, with an annual incidence of 1.1\u20131.5 per 100,000 in children under the age of 18. The most common conditions are dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Despite great enthusiasm for research in this field, studies in this population are still limited, and the management and treatment often follow adult recommendations, which have significantly more data on treatment benefits. Although adult and pediatric cardiac diseases share similar morphological and clinical manifestations, their outcomes significantly differ. This review summarizes the latest evidence on genetics, clinical characteristics, management, and updated outcomes of primary pediatric CMs and electrical diseases, including DCM, HCM, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), Brugada syndrome (BrS), catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT), long QT syndrome (LQTS), and short QT syndrome (SQTS).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60010094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]],"date-time":"2024-01-03T11:31:50Z","timestamp":1704281510000},"page":"94","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Inherited Arrhythmias in the Pediatric Population: An Updated Overview"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9480-1209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco Valerio","family":"Mariani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Aenesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Pierucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Aenesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1488-7015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Fanisio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Policlinico Casilino, 00169 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7621-5776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domenico","family":"Laviola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Aenesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Silvetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Aenesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5995-4963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agostino","family":"Piro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Aenesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7548-4685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo Mirco","family":"La Fazia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrophysiology, St. David\u2019s Medical Center, Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin, TX 78705, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Chimenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Aenesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Rebecchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Policlinico Casilino, 00169 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1888-373X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Drago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital and Research Institute, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Miraldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardio Thoracic-Vascular and Organ Transplantation Surgery Department, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Natale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrophysiology, St. David\u2019s Medical Center, Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin, TX 78705, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3540-4983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmine Dario","family":"Vizza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Aenesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Lavalle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Aenesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eut082","article-title":"Pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy for arrhythmias in the pediatric population: EHRA and AEPC-Arrhythmia Working Group joint consensus statement","volume":"15","author":"Brugada","year":"2013","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2005.06.101","article-title":"Is it time to include ion channel diseases among 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