{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T16:54:49Z","timestamp":1780332889904,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]],"date-time":"2024-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: The assessment of coronary microcirculation may facilitate risk stratification and treatment adjustment. The aim of this study was to evaluate patients\u2019 clinical presentation and treatment following coronary microcirculation assessment, as well as factors associated with an abnormal coronary flow reserve (CFR) and index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) values. Materials and Results: This retrospective analysis included 223 patients gathered from the national registry of invasive coronary microvascular testing collected between 2018 and 2023. Results: The frequency of coronary microcirculatory assessments in Poland has steadily increased since 2018. Patients with impaired IMR (\u226525) were less burdened with comorbidities. Patients with normal IMR underwent revascularisation attempts more frequently (11.9% vs. 29.8%, p = 0.003). After microcirculation testing, calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors were added more often for patients with IMR and CFR abnormalities, respectively, as compared to control groups. Moreover, patients with coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD, defined as CFR and\/or IMR abnormality), regardless of treatment choice following microcirculation assessment, were provided with trimetazidine (23.2%) and dihydropyridine CCBs (26.4%) more frequently than those without CMD who were treated conservatively (6.8%) and by revascularisation (4.2% with p = 0.002 and 0% with p &lt; 0.001, respectively). Multivariable analysis revealed no association between angina symptoms and IMR or CFR impairment. Conclusions: The frequency of coronary microcirculatory assessments in Poland has steadily increased. Angina symptoms were not associated with either IMR or CFR impairment. After microcirculation assessment, patients with impaired microcirculation, expressed as either low CFR, high IMR or both, received additional pharmacotherapy treatment more often.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60020277","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]],"date-time":"2024-02-05T08:41:43Z","timestamp":1707122503000},"page":"277","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Implementation of Microcirculation Examination in Clinical Practice\u2014Insights from the Nationwide POL-MKW Registry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6591-1919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafa\u0142","family":"Januszek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Cracow University, 30-705 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0477-2094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Ko\u0142towski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8289-1393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariusz","family":"Tomaniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1220-9496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Wa\u0144ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wojciech","family":"Wojakowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Grygier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Cardiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3548-9024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Si\u0142ka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grzegorz","family":"Jan Horszczaruk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum. Cardinal Stefan Wyszy\u0144ski University in Warsaw, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Voivodeship Hospital in \u0141om\u017ca, 18-404 \u0141om\u017ca, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3454-9603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bartosz","family":"Czarniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Provincial Specialist Hospital in Wloclawek, 87-800 W\u0142oc\u0142awek, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rados\u0142aw","family":"Kr\u0119cki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Scanmed, 99-320 Kutno, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart\u0142omiej","family":"Guzik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, \u015bw. Anny 12, 31-007 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2945-3674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacek","family":"Legutko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, \u015bw. Anny 12, 31-007 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Interventional Cardiology, The John Paul II Hospital, Pr\u0105dnicka 80, 31-202 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Paw\u0142owski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Medicine of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Administration, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Wn\u0119k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Provincial Specialist Hospital in Wroclaw, 51-124 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0761-426X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marek","family":"Roik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1143-2485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylwia","family":"S\u0142awek-Szmyt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Cardiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2555-593X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mi\u0142osz","family":"Jaguszewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Gda\u0144sk, 80-210 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Roleder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mi\u0142osz","family":"Dziarmaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology-Intensive Therapy and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4508-3551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stanis\u0142aw","family":"Bartu\u015b","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(88)91180-0","article-title":"\u2018Microvascular angina\u2019 as a cause of chest pain with angio-graphically normal coronary arteries","volume":"61","author":"Cannon","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. 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