{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T03:47:58Z","timestamp":1773719278830,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Advanced lung cancer is usually manifested by endoluminal tumor propagation, resulting in central airway obstruction. The objective of this study is to compare the high dose rate brachytherapy treatment outcomes in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) depending on the treatment planning pattern\u2014two-dimension (2D) or three-dimension (3D) treatment planning. Materials and Methods: The study was retrospective and two groups of patients were compared in it (a group of 101 patients who underwent 2D planned high-dose-rate endobronchial brachytherapy (HDR-EBBT) in 2017\/18 and a group of 83 patients who underwent 3D planned HDR-EBBT between January 2021 and June 2023). Results: In the group of 3D planned brachytherapy patients, there was a significant improvement in terms of loss of symptoms of bronchial obstruction (p = 0.038), but no improvement in terms of ECOG PS (European Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status) of the patient (p = 0.847) and loss of lung atelectasis (if there was any at the beginning of the disease) (p = 0.781). Two-year overall survival and time-to-progression periods were similar for both groups of patients (p = 0.110 and 0.154). Fewer treatment complications were observed, and 91.4% were in 3D planned brachytherapy (BT) patients. Conclusions: Three-dimensionally planned HDR-EBBT is a suggestive, effective palliative method for the disobstruction of large airways caused by endobronchial lung tumor growth. Independent or more often combined with other types of specific oncological treatment, it certainly leads to the loss of symptoms caused by bronchial obstruction and the improvement of the quality of life of patients with advanced NSCLC. Complications of the procedure with 3D planning are less compared to 2D planned HDR-EBBT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60030452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T11:47:30Z","timestamp":1709898450000},"page":"452","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effective Differences between 2D and 3D Planned Brachytherapy in Lung Cancer: An Institutional Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8673-953X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nensi","family":"Lali\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21137 Novi Sad, Serbia"},{"name":"Clinic for Pulmonary Oncology, Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4304-8974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marko","family":"Bojovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21137 Novi Sad, Serbia"},{"name":"Clinic of Radiation Oncology, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9877-8456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivera","family":"Ivanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21137 Novi Sad, Serbia"},{"name":"Clinic of Radiation Oncology, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8389-0783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jelena","family":"Li\u010dina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21137 Novi Sad, Serbia"},{"name":"Clinic of Radiation Oncology, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Spasoje","family":"Popevi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"Clinic for Pulmonology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1787-1438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihailo","family":"Stjepanovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"Clinic for Pulmonology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daliborka","family":"Bursa\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21137 Novi Sad, Serbia"},{"name":"Clinic for Pulmonary Oncology, Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6292-6608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivica","family":"Lali\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Trg Mladenaca 5, 21101 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rade","family":"Mili\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence in Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"Pulmonology Clinic, Military Medical Academy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4357-674X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanja","family":"Tomi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21137 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Biljana","family":"Parapid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"Clinic for Cardiology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aleksandar","family":"An\u0111elkovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21137 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2023.0020","article-title":"NCCN Guidelines\u00ae Insights: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Version 2.2023","volume":"21","author":"Ettinger","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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