{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T00:36:10Z","timestamp":1792888570132,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Wan Fang Hospital","award":["A-112-002-W"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A-112-002-W"]}]},{"name":"Wan Fang Hospital","award":["113-wf-eva-31"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113-wf-eva-31"]}]},{"name":"Taipei Medical University","award":["A-112-002-W"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A-112-002-W"]}]},{"name":"Taipei Medical University","award":["113-wf-eva-31"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113-wf-eva-31"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Hip fractures in the elderly pose a considerable health risk and cause concern. Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a valuable marker for identifying patients at high risk of age-related mortality and various disorders and diseases. However, its association with poor patient outcomes following hip fractures has yet to be fully established. Hence, the purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate and gain a better understanding of the relationship between RDW levels and the risk of mortality after hip fractures. Materials and Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and other databases were comprehensively searched until April 2023 to identify relevant studies. The meta-analysis included observational studies finding the association between RDW at admission or preoperation and short-term and long-term mortality rates following hip fractures. The results were presented in terms of odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: This meta-analysis included 10 studies involving 5834 patients with hip fractures. Patients with preoperative RDW of over 14.5% had higher risks of 1-year (OR: 5.40, 95% CI: 1.89\u201315.48, p = 0.002) and 3-month (OR: 2.91, 95% CI: 1.42\u20135.95, p = 0.004) mortality. Higher admission or preoperative RDW was significantly associated with an 11% higher mortality risk after 1 year (HR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.06\u20131.17, p &lt; 0.00001). Patients with higher preoperative RDW had a significantly higher risk of 6-month mortality, which was three times that of those with lower preoperative RDW (OR: 3.00, 95% CI: 1.60\u20135.61, p = 0.0006). Higher preoperative RDW was correlated to a higher 30-day mortality risk (OR: 6.44, 95% CI: 3.32\u201312.47, p &lt; 0.00001). Conclusions: Greater RDW values at admission or before surgery were associated with a higher risk of short-term and long-term mortality following hip fractures. Because RDW can be easily measured using a routine blood test at a low cost, this parameter is promising as an indicator of mortality in elderly patients with hip fractures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60030485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]],"date-time":"2024-03-15T12:02:39Z","timestamp":1710504159000},"page":"485","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The Association between Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and Mortality Risk after Hip Fracture: A Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8369-9977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bao Tu Thai","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The International Graduate Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7949-3893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duy Nguyen Anh","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The International Graduate Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7559-4550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tan Thanh","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Jie","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9729-6375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Pin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-012-1964-3","article-title":"A systematic review of hip fracture incidence and probability of fracture worldwide","volume":"23","author":"Kanis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mattisson, L., Bojan, A., and Enocson, A. (2018). Epidemiology, treatment and mortality of trochanteric and subtrochanteric hip fractures: Data from the Swedish fracture register. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord., 19.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-018-2276-3"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0045","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.OA.18.00045","article-title":"Incidence and Economic Burden of Intertrochanteric Fracture","volume":"4","author":"Adeyemi","year":"2019","journal-title":"JBJS Open Access"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759720X211028360","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X211028360","article-title":"Prognostic factors for 1-year functional outcome, quality of life, care demands, and mortality after surgery in Taiwanese geriatric patients with a hip fracture: A prospective cohort study","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Musculoskelet. Dis."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2016.04.040","article-title":"Early surgery within 2 days for hip fracture is not reliable as healthcare quality indicator","volume":"47","year":"2016","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-019-1226-6","article-title":"Mortality after osteoporotic hip fracture: Incidence, trends, and associated factors","volume":"14","author":"Fernandez","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Surg. Res."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-009-0920-3","article-title":"Excess mortality following hip fracture: A systematic epidemiological review","volume":"20","author":"Abrahamsen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S374366","article-title":"Handgrip Strength as a Predictor of Successful Rehabilitation after Hip Fracture in Patients 65 Years of Age and Above","volume":"17","author":"Milman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Interv. Aging"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2011.12.008","article-title":"Routine blood tests as predictors of mortality in hip fracture patients","volume":"43","author":"Laulund","year":"2012","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-023-03516-y","article-title":"Correlation between C-reactive protein and postoperative mortality in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery: A meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Surg. Res."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"258","article-title":"Red cell distribution width is an independent predictor of mortality in hip fracture","volume":"42","author":"Garbharran","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2597","article-title":"Red Cell Distribution Width as an Independent Predictor of Long-Term Mortality in Hip Fracture Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study","volume":"31","author":"Lv","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2022.104623","article-title":"Red cell distribution width\u2013A mortality predictor in older adults with proximal femoral fracture","volume":"100","author":"Marom","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"13","article-title":"Red cell distribution width as mortality prognostic factor in patients 65 and older with hip fracture","volume":"35","author":"Perez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Salud Uninorte"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.3109\/10408363.2014.992064","article-title":"Red blood cell distribution width: A simple parameter with multiple clinical applications","volume":"52","author":"Salvagno","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Clin. Lab. Sci."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"Hoffman, E.J.B.R., Silberstein, L.E., Heslop, H.E., Anastasi, J., Salama, M.E., and Abutalib, S.A. (2018). Hematology\u2014Basic Principles and Practice, Elsevier. [7th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2014-0585","article-title":"Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and human pathology. One size fits all","volume":"52","author":"Lippi","year":"2014","journal-title":"CCLM"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2019.09.58","article-title":"The role of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) in cardiovascular risk assessment: Useful or hype?","volume":"7","author":"Fava","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"258","article-title":"Red Cell Distribution Width and Mortality in Older Adults: A Meta-analysis","volume":"65","author":"Patel","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2009.11","article-title":"Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and the Risk of Death in Middle-aged and Older Adults","volume":"169","author":"Patel","year":"2009","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"393","article-title":"Physical Frailty and Hemoglobin-to-Red Cell Distribution Width Ratio in Japanese Older Outpatients","volume":"11","author":"Kinoshita","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Frailty Aging"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3963","article-title":"Red Cell Distribution Width Is a Risk Factor for Hip Fracture in Elderly Men without Anemia","volume":"35","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S375762","article-title":"Red Cell Distribution Width-to-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio (RHR): A Promising Novel Predictor for Preoperative Deep Vein Thrombosis in Geriatric Patients with Hip Fracture","volume":"17","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Interv. Aging"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.06.035","article-title":"Red Cell Distribution Width: An Unacknowledged Predictor of Mortality and Adverse Outcomes Following Revision Arthroplasty","volume":"33","author":"Alijanipour","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Arthroplast."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"Higgins, J.P.T., Thomas, J., Chandler, J., Cumpston, M., Li, T., Page, M.J., and Welch, V.A. (2023). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, Wiley-Blackwell. [2nd ed.]. Available online: www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2009.06.006","article-title":"The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate healthcare interventions: Explanation and elaboration","volume":"62","author":"Liberati","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-010-9491-z","article-title":"Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses","volume":"25","author":"Stang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wan, X., Wang, W., Liu, J., and Tong, T. (2014). Estimating the sample mean and standard deviation from the sample size, median, range and\/or interquartile range. BMC Med. Res. Methodol., 14.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-135"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thorlund, K., Imberger, G., Johnston, B.C., Walsh, M., Awad, T., Thabane, L., Gluud, C., Devereaux, P.J., and Wetterslev, J. (2012). Evolution of Heterogeneity (I2) Estimates and Their 95% Confidence Intervals in Large Meta-Analyses. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039471"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.5152\/eajem.2017.51523","article-title":"Prognostic Value of the Neutrophil\u2013Lymphocyte and Platelet\u2013Lymphocyte Ratios in Predicting One-Year Mortality in Patients with Hip Fractures and Aged Over 60 Years","volume":"16","author":"Emektar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eurasian J. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10195","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S343538","article-title":"Does Red Cell Distribution Width Predict Hip Fracture Mortality Among the Arab Population? A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study","volume":"14","author":"Hamdan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Gen. Med."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.52312\/jdrs.2022.683","article-title":"Predicting mortality rate in elderly patients operated for hip fracture using red blood cell distribution width, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and Nottingham Hip Fracture Score","volume":"33","author":"Karadeniz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Jt. Dis. Relat. Surg."},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"29","article-title":"Association between admission red cell distribution width and mortality in elderly hip fracture patients: A Retrospective Case-Control Study","volume":"2","author":"Temiz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eurasian J. Med. Investig."},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"e14791","article-title":"Pretreatment red blood cell distribution width as an efficient predictor of survival in older patients undergoing hip fracture surgery","volume":"75","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.3944\/AOTT.2014.2859","article-title":"Red cell distribution width and mortality in patients with hip fracture treated with partial prosthesis","volume":"48","author":"Zehir","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Orthop. Traumatol. Turc."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Osawa, Y., Tanaka, T., Semba, R.D., Fantoni, G., Moaddel, R., Candia, J., Simonsick, E.M., Bandinelli, S., and Ferrucci, L. (2022). Proteins in the pathway from high red blood cell width distribution to all-cause mortality. EBioMedicine, 76.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2022.103816"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2391","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-023-02095-3","article-title":"Study of the link between hemotopoietic and skeletal systems in patients attending a referral center for osteoporosis","volume":"46","author":"Pepe","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol. Investig."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zurauskaite, G., Meier, M., Voegeli, A., Koch, D., Haubitz, S., Kutz, A., Bernasconi, L., Huber, A., Bargetzi, M., and Mueller, B. (2018). Biological pathways underlying the association of red cell distribution width and adverse clinical outcome: Results of a prospective cohort study. PLoS ONE, 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191280"},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"514","article-title":"Red Cell Distribution Width and Acute Complications of Diabetes","volume":"14","author":"Atalay","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13676","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-17847-z","article-title":"Red blood cell distribution width is associated with increased interactions of blood cells with vascular wall","volume":"12","author":"Ananthaseshan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2331-1","article-title":"Association between red blood cell distribution width and macrovascular and microvascular complications in diabetes","volume":"55","author":"Malandrino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2017.06.009","article-title":"Association Between Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and All-cause Mortality in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"48","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. Med Res."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997853","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.997853","article-title":"Diagnostic value of RDW for the prediction of mortality in adult sepsis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-210517","article-title":"Red Cell Distribution Width and Dementia Among Rural-Dwelling Older Adults: The MIND-China Study","volume":"83","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aslam, H., Oza, F., Ahmed, K., Kopel, J., Aloysius, M.M., Ali, A., Dahiya, D.S., Aziz, M., Perisetti, A., and Goyal, H. (2023). The Role of Red Cell Distribution Width as a Prognostic Marker in Chronic Liver Disease: A Literature Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043487"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1177\/2151458512463392","article-title":"The Impact of Comorbidity on Perioperative Outcomes of Hip Fractures in a Geriatric Fracture Model","volume":"3","author":"Menzies","year":"2012","journal-title":"Geriatr. Orthop. Surg. Rehabilitation"},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"327","article-title":"Frailty in Young and Middle-Aged Adults: An Integrative Review","volume":"10","author":"Loecker","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Frailty Aging"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1159\/000517510","article-title":"Immune, Blood Cell, and Blood Gas Biomarkers of Delirium in Elderly Individuals with Hip Fracture Surgery","volume":"50","author":"Thisayakorn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-017-0413-9","article-title":"Effects of Aging on Fracture Healing","volume":"15","author":"Clark","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Osteoporos. Rep."},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"546","article-title":"Evaluation of oxidative stress after fractures. A preliminary study","volume":"69","author":"Prasad","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Orthop. Belg."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-018-4516-7","article-title":"Hip fracture patients who experience a greater fluctuation in RDW during hospital course are at heightened risk for all-cause mortality: A prospective study with 2-year follow-up","volume":"29","author":"Yin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2568","DOI":"10.7754\/Clin.Lab.2021.210337","article-title":"Post-Operative Red Cell Distribution Width Increase May Predict Mortality in Patients Operated for Hip Fracture","volume":"67","author":"Akcal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Lab."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20.00048","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.OA.20.00048","article-title":"Anemia at Presentation Predicts Acute Mortality and Need for Readmission Following Geriatric Hip Fracture","volume":"5","author":"Ryan","year":"2020","journal-title":"JBJS Open Access"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Puckeridge, G., Terblanche, M., Wallis, M., and Fung, Y.L. (2019). Blood management in hip fractures; are we leaving it too late? A retrospective observational study. BMC Geriatr., 19.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-019-1099-x"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vochteloo, A.J., van der Burg, B.L.B., Mertens, B.J., Niggebrugge, A.H., de Vries, M.R., Tuinebreijer, W.E., Bloem, R.M., Nelissen, R.G., and Pilot, P. (2011). Outcome in hip fracture patients related to anemia at admission and allogeneic blood transfusion: An analysis of 1262 surgically treated patients. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord., 12.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-12-262"},{"key":"ref_57","unstructured":"AAOS (2024, February 15). Management of Hip Fractures in Older Adults\u2014Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline. Available online: https:\/\/www.aaos.org\/hipfxcpg."},{"key":"ref_58","unstructured":"NICE (2023). NICE Clinical Guidelines: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, NICE."}],"container-title":["Medicina"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/60\/3\/485\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:13:55Z","timestamp":1760105635000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/60\/3\/485"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["medicina60030485"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina60030485","relation":{},"ISSN":["1648-9144"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1648-9144","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]}}}