{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T00:50:18Z","timestamp":1793321418284,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]],"date-time":"2024-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: This retrospective cohort study investigates the role of genetic thrombophilia in pregnant women experiencing early pregnancy loss compared to those with late pregnancy loss. Materials and Methods: Participants were categorized into early and late pregnancy loss groups based on gestational age. A total of 156 patients were included, out of which 103 had early-trimester pregnancy losses and 96 had multiple miscarriages. Results: The study revealed a synergistic effect of Factor V Leiden (FVL G1691A) and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR C677T) mutations (coefficient 3.42). Prothrombin (PT) G20210A and \u03b2-Fibrinogen 455 G&gt;A mutations exhibited a significant interaction (coefficient 1.98). Additionally, MTHFR A1298C and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1 4G\/5G) mutations showed a significant interaction (coefficient 1.65). FVL G1691A and Endothelial Protein C Receptor (EPCR) allele A1\/A2 mutations also demonstrated a significant association (coefficient 2.10). Lastly, MTHFR C677T and Glycoprotein IIb\/IIIa T1565C mutations interacted significantly (coefficient 1.77). Risk factor analysis identified several mutations associated with early pregnancy loss, including PAI-1 4G\/5G homozygous (OR 3.01), FVL G1691A heterozygous (OR 1.85), and MTHFR A1298C heterozygous (OR 1.55). Both homozygous and heterozygous MTHFR C677T mutations were significant risk factors (OR 2.38; OR 2.06), as was PT G20210A homozygous mutation (OR 1.92). The PAI-1 4G\/4G homozygous variant posed a risk (OR 1.36). Late pregnancy loss was associated with MTHFR A1298C homozygous mutation (OR 3.79), \u03b2-Fibrinogen 455 G&gt;A heterozygous mutation (OR 2.20), and MTHFR A1298C heterozygous mutation (OR 2.65). Factor XIII G1002T heterozygous mutation (OR 1.18) and PAI-1 4G\/5G homozygous mutation (OR 2.85) were also significant risk factors. EPCR allele A1\/A2 (OR 1.60) and A2\/A3 (OR 1.73) mutations were identified as significant risk factors for late pregnancy loss. Furthermore, FVL G1691A homozygous mutation, PT G20210A homozygous mutation, MTHFR C677T heterozygous mutation, MTHFR A1298C heterozygous mutation, and EPCR allele A1\/A2 were identified as significant risk factors for multiple miscarriage. Conclusions: This study highlights significant interactions and risk factors related to genetic thrombophilia mutations in different types of pregnancy loss, contributing valuable insights for miscarriage management guidelines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60040521","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]],"date-time":"2024-03-22T10:58:02Z","timestamp":1711105082000},"page":"521","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Risk Factors of Thrombophilia-Related Mutations for Early and Late Pregnancy Loss"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Ema","family":"Borsi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Discipline of Hematology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Multidisciplinary Research Center for Malignant Hemopathies, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5508-1344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ovidiu","family":"Potre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Discipline of Hematology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Multidisciplinary Research Center for Malignant Hemopathies, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6840-9553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioana","family":"Ionita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Discipline of Hematology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Multidisciplinary Research Center for Malignant Hemopathies, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5358-882X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miruna","family":"Samfireag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Discipline of Clinical Practical Skills, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1355-3790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Secosan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Potre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Discipline of Hematology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Multidisciplinary Research Center for Malignant Hemopathies, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S100817","article-title":"Recurrent pregnancy loss: Current perspectives","volume":"9","author":"Crepaux","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Womens Health"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Turesheva, A., Aimagambetova, G., Ukybassova, T., Marat, A., Kanabekova, P., Kaldygulova, L., Amanzholkyzy, A., Ryzhkova, S., Nogay, A., and Khamidullina, Z. (2023). Recurrent Pregnancy Loss Etiology, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Management. Fresh Look into a Full Box. J. Clin. Med., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12124074"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-022-04415-2","article-title":"Impairment of mitochondrial respiration in platelets and placentas: A pilot study in preeclamptic pregnancies","volume":"477","author":"Aburel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gug, C., Mozos, I., Ratiu, A., Tudor, A., Gorduza, E.V., Caba, L., Gug, M., Cojocariu, C., Furau, C., and Furau, G. (2022). Genetic Counseling and Management: The First Study to Report NIPT Findings in a Romanian Population. Medicina, 58.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58010079"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"627","article-title":"In vitro fertilization represents a risk factor for vasa praevia","volume":"57","author":"Pirtea","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rom. J. Morphol. Embryol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosu, L.M., Prodan-B\u0103rbulescu, C., Maghiari, A.L., Bernad, E.S., Bernad, R.L., Iacob, R., Stoicescu, E.R., Borozan, F., and Ghenciu, L.A. (2024). Current Trends in Diagnosis and Treatment Approach of Diabetic Retinopathy during Pregnancy: A Narrative Review. Diagnostics, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14040369"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"2411","article-title":"Maternal inherited thrombophilia and pregnancy outcomes","volume":"20","author":"Voicu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2944","DOI":"10.37358\/RC.19.8.7461","article-title":"Pro-inflammatory Cytokines (IL6, IL8 and TNF-a) in the Evaluation of Ovarian Endometriosis","volume":"70","author":"Gobjila","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cyst. Rev. Chim."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prodan-B\u0103rbulescu, C., Watz, C.-G., Moac\u0103, E.-A., Faur, A.-C., Dehelean, C.-A., Faur, F.I., Grigori\u0163\u0103, L.O., Maghiari, A.L., Tu\u0163ac, P., and Du\u0163\u0103, C. (2024). A Preliminary Report Regarding the Morphological Changes of Nano-Enabled Pharmaceutical Formulation on Human Lung Carcinoma Monolayer and 3D Bronchial Microtissue. Medicina, 60.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60020208"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.6004\/jadpro.2023.14.3.6","article-title":"Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: Risk Assessment, Prevention, and Treatment","volume":"14","author":"Halsema","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Adv. Pract. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Turaiche, M., Feciche, B., Gluhovschi, A., Bratosin, F., Bogdan, I., Bota, A.V., Grigoras, M.L., Gurban, C.V., Cerbu, B., and Toma, A.-O. (2022). Biological Profile and Clinical Features as Determinants for Prolonged Hospitalization in Adult Patients with Measles: A Monocentric Study in Western Romania. Pathogens, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11091018"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flores, B., Trivedi, H.D., Robson, S.C., and Bonder, A. (2017). Hemostasis, bleeding and thrombosis in liver disease. J. Transl. Sci., 3.","DOI":"10.15761\/JTS.1000182"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grigoras, M.L., Citu, I.M., Citu, C., Chiriac, V.D., Gorun, F., Levai, M.C., Manolescu, D., Rosca, O., Bratosin, F., and Gurumurthy, S. (2022). Evaluation of FIB-4, NFS, APRI and Liver Function Tests as Predictors for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Elderly Population: A Matched Case-Control Analysis. J. Clin. Med., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11175149"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.2147\/JBM.S401469","article-title":"Prevalence of Inherited Thrombophilia in Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss During the First Trimester of Pregnancy","volume":"14","author":"Yousif","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Blood Med."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13378","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13378","article-title":"Inherited thrombophilia and anticoagulant therapy for women with reproductive failure","volume":"85","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1097\/OGX.0000000000000751","article-title":"Management of Anticoagulation in Pregnant Women With Mechanical Heart Valves","volume":"75","author":"Daughety","year":"2020","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol. Surv."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1694772","article-title":"Genetic Testing for Thrombophilia-Related Genes: Observations of Testing Patterns for Factor V Leiden (G1691A) and Prothrombin Gene \u201cMutation\u201d (G20210A)","volume":"45","author":"Favaloro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin. Thromb. Hemost."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iordache, O., Anastasiu-Popov, D.M., Anastasiu, D.M., Craina, M., Dahma, G., Sacarin, G., Silaghi, C., Citu, C., Daniluc, R., and Hinoveanu, D. (2022). A Retrospective Assessment of Thrombophilia in Pregnant Women with First and Second Trimester Pregnancy Loss. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192416500"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e691S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2300","article-title":"VTE, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy, and pregnancy: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"141","author":"Bates","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iordache, O., Anastasiu, D.M., Kakarla, M., Ali, A., Bratosin, F., Neamtu, R., Dumitru, C., Olaru, F., Erdelean, I., and Gherman, A. (2023). Influence of Antiphospholipid Antibody-Associated Thrombophilia on the Risk of Preterm Birth: A Systematic Review. J. Clin. Med., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12165316"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ciuca, I.M., Dediu, M., Popin, D., Pop, L.L., Tamas, L.A., Pilut, C.N., Almajan Guta, B., and Popa, Z.L. (2022). Antibiotherapy in Children with Cystic Fibrosis\u2014An Extensive Review. Children, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/children9081258"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"1620","article-title":"Environmental tobacco smoke exposure\u2014An independent risk factor for lung cancer?","volume":"16","author":"Dantes","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Environ. Prot. Ecol. (JEPE)"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wysocka, U., Sa\u0142aci\u0144ska, K., Pinkier, I., K\u0119pczy\u0144ski, \u0141., A\u0142aszewski, W., Dudarewicz, L., and Gach, A. (2023). To Test or Not to Test: Routine Thrombophilia Diagnostic Screening of Women with Reproductive Failures. J. Clin. Med., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12247527"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Segneanu, A.-E., Marin, C.N., Ghirlea, I.O.-F., Feier, C.V.I., Muntean, C., and Grozescu, I. (2021). Artemisia annua Growing Wild in Romania\u2014A Metabolite Profile Approach to Target a Drug Delivery System Based on Magnetite Nanoparticles. Plants, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10112245"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_1858_21","article-title":"Management of thromboembolic disorders during pregnancy in resource-constrained settings: An Indian perspective","volume":"157","author":"Singh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian J. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Margan, R., Margan, M.M., Fira-Mladinescu, C., Putnoky, S., Tuta-Sas, I., Bagiu, R., Popa, Z.L., Bernad, E., Ciuca, I.M., and Bratosin, F. (2022). Impact of Stress and Financials on Romanian Infertile Women Accessing Assisted Reproductive Treatment. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19063256"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"hoad007","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoad007","article-title":"Financial costs of assisted reproductive technology for patients in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review","volume":"2023","author":"Njagi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Open"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-019-0720-y","article-title":"Miscarriage hospitalisations: A national population-based study of incidence and outcomes, 2005\u20132016","volume":"16","author":"Meaney","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod. Health"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.21614\/chirurgia.2837","article-title":"Low Cost and Reproductible Method to Obtain Mapping of Lymphatic Drainage in Patient with Early Endometrial Cancer","volume":"118","author":"Faur","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chirurgia"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abdol Razak, N.B., Jones, G., Bhandari, M., Berndt, M.C., and Metharom, P. (2018). Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: An Overview of Mechanisms, Risk Factors, and Treatment. Cancers, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers10100380"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Faur, F.I., Clim, I.A., Dobrescu, A., Isaic, A., Prodan, C., Florea, S., Tarta, C., Totolici, B., Du\u0163\u0103, C., and Pasca, P. (2023). The Use of Wound Infiltration for Postoperative Pain Management after Breast Cancer Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Study. Biomedicines, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11041195"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2545","DOI":"10.2147\/RMHP.S272852","article-title":"Venous Thromboembolism Risk and Thromboprophylaxis Assessment in Surgical Patients Based on Caprini Risk Assessment Model","volume":"13","author":"Tadesse","year":"2020","journal-title":"Risk Manag. Healthc. Policy"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.37358\/RC.19.2.6997","article-title":"Our Experience in Skin Grafting and Silver Dressing for Venous Leg Ulcers","volume":"70","author":"Avino","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Chim."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Faur, F.I., Suciu, P., Barbulescu, C.F.P., Clim, A., Nati, I., and Lazar, G. (2022). Modified Martius Flap for repair of a postradiation Rectovaginal Fistula (RVF). A case report. Int. J. Clin. Case Rep. Rev., 12.","DOI":"10.31579\/2690-4861\/251"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.21614\/chirurgia.116.2.224","article-title":"The Impact of Post-Mastectomy Radiotherapy on Delayed Alloplastic Breast Reconstruction\u2014Experience of One Center","volume":"116","author":"Porosnicu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chirurgia"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.37358\/RC.19.3.7053","article-title":"First line therapy in multiple myeloma: Vad vs. bortezomib-dexamethasone","volume":"70","author":"Borsi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Chim."},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"1650","article-title":"The adverse effects of pyrazinoic acid phenylalanine in multiple myeloma","volume":"67","author":"Romanescu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Chim."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1136\/jamia.2009.001230","article-title":"International classification of diseases, 10th edition, clinical modification and procedure coding system: Descriptive overview of the next generation HIPAA code sets","volume":"17","author":"Steindel","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.20389","article-title":"The impact of miscarriage and parity on patterns of maternal distress in pregnancy","volume":"33","author":"Lobel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Res. Nurs. Health"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malikova, I., Husakova, M., Bilkova, J., Brzezkova, R., Hrachovinova, I., and Kvasnicka, T. (2023). The Homozygous Type II Antithrombin Deficient Pregnant Woman Monitored by Thrombin Generation Assay. Clin. Lab., 69.","DOI":"10.7754\/Clin.Lab.2023.230435"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7196-1_14","article-title":"Lupus Anticoagulant Testing: Diluted Russell Viper Venom Time (dRVVT)","volume":"1646","author":"Pengo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1177\/1076029616675967","article-title":"The Prevalence of Thrombophilia in Women with Recurrent Fetal Loss and Outcome of Anticoagulation Therapy for the Prevention of Miscarriages","volume":"24","author":"Nahas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Appl. Thromb. Hemost."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13708","DOI":"10.5812\/ircmj.13708","article-title":"Inherited thrombophilia and recurrent pregnancy loss","volume":"15","author":"Parand","year":"2013","journal-title":"Iran. Red. Crescent Med. J."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1007\/s13224-012-0197-x","article-title":"Study of thrombophilia in recurrent pregnancy loss","volume":"62","author":"Hansda","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynaecol. India"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4288","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.908832","article-title":"Thrombophilia and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: The Enigma Continues","volume":"24","author":"Barut","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monit."},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"330","article-title":"Czesto\u015b\u0107 wystepowania trombofilii wrodzonej u kobiet z utrata ciaz w wieloo\u015brodkowych badaniach w Polsce [Incidence of hereditary thrombophilia in women with pregnancy loss in multi-center studies in Poland]","volume":"83","author":"Skrzypczak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ginekol. Pol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s43042-020-00077-1","article-title":"Inherited thrombophilia and recurrent pregnancy loss: A single-center case-control study in North-Western Algeria","volume":"21","author":"Loukidi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Egypt J. Med. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.12385","article-title":"Frequency of hereditary thrombophilia in women with recurrent pregnancy loss in Northern Pakistan","volume":"40","author":"Ali","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deab010","article-title":"Hereditary thrombophilia and recurrent pregnancy loss: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"36","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.5.558","article-title":"Evaluation of the association between hereditary thrombophilias and recurrent pregnancy loss: A meta-analysis","volume":"164","author":"Kovalevsky","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-015-0719-9","article-title":"ALIFE2 study: Low-molecular-weight heparin for women with recurrent miscarriage and inherited thrombophilia\u2014Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Quenby","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.10.036","article-title":"Low molecular weight heparin or LMWH plus aspirin in the treatment of unexplained recurrent miscarriage with negative antiphospholipid antibodies: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial","volume":"268","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)01190-X","article-title":"Time to stop routine prescription of low-molecular-weight heparin to women with recurrent pregnancy loss and inherited thrombophilia","volume":"402","author":"Strandell","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nitu, R., Neamtu, R., Iordache, O., Stelea, L., Dahma, G., Sacarin, G., Socol, G., Boarta, A., Silaghi, C., and Puichita, D. (2023). A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Intimacy Problems, Stress Levels, and Couple Satisfaction among Women with Thrombophilia Affected by Recurrent Pregnancy Loss. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20021208"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pastori, D., Cormaci, V.M., Marucci, S., Franchino, G., Del Sole, F., Capozza, A., Fallarino, A., Corso, C., Valeriani, E., and Menichelli, D. (2023). A Comprehensive Review of Risk Factors for Venous Thromboembolism: From Epidemiology to Pathophysiology. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043169"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.21037\/tp.2018.03.02","article-title":"Chromosomal instability in first trimester miscarriage: A common cause of pregnancy loss?","volume":"7","author":"Hardy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl. Pediatr."}],"container-title":["Medicina"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/60\/4\/521\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:18:13Z","timestamp":1760105893000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/60\/4\/521"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"alternative-id":["medicina60040521"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina60040521","relation":{},"ISSN":["1648-9144"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1648-9144","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]]}}}