{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:11:18Z","timestamp":1787069478744,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: The ARNE score was developed for the prediction of a difficult airway for both general and ear, nose and throat (ENT) surgery with a universal cut-off value. We tested the accuracy of this score in the case of laryngeal surgery and provided an insight into its effects in combination with flexible laryngoscopy. Materials and Methods: This prospective pilot clinical study included 100 patients who were being scheduled for microscopic laryngeal surgery. We calculated the ARNE score for every patient, and flexible laryngoscopy was provided preoperative. Difficult intubation was assessed according to the intubation difficulty score (IDS). Results: A total of 33% patients had difficult intubation according to the IDS. The ARNE score showed limited accuracy for the prediction of difficult intubation in laryngology with p &lt; 0.0001 and an AUC of 0.784. Flexible laryngoscopy also showed limitations when used as an independent parameter with p &lt; 0.0001 and an AUC of 0.766. We defined a new cut-off value of 15.50 for laryngology, according to the AUC. After the patients were divided into two groups, according to the new cut-off value and provided cut-off value, the AUC improved to 0.707 from 0.619, respectively. Flexible laryngoscopy improved the prediction model of the ARNE score to an AUC of 0.882 and of the new cut-off value to an AUC of 0.833. Conclusions: It is recommended to use flexible laryngoscopy together with the ARNE score in difficult airway prediction in patients with laryngeal pathology. Also, the universally recommended cut-off value of 11 cannot be effectively used in laryngology, and a new cut-off value of 15.50 is recommended.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60040619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T10:55:28Z","timestamp":1712746528000},"page":"619","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prediction of a Difficult Airway Using the ARNE Score and Flexible Laryngoscopy in Patients with Laryngeal Pathology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9472-8868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danica","family":"Markovi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University Clinical Center in Ni\u0161, 18000 Ni\u0161, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maja","family":"\u0160urbatovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Military Medical Academy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0598-2392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Du\u0161an","family":"Milisavljevi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology Clinic, University Clinical Center in Ni\u0161, 18000 Ni\u0161, Serbia"},{"name":"Department Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Univeristy in Ni\u0161, 18000 Ni\u0161, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vesna","family":"Marjanovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University Clinical Center in Ni\u0161, 18000 Ni\u0161, Serbia"},{"name":"Department Surgery and Anesthesiology and Reanimatology, Faculty of Medicine, University in Ni\u0161, 18000 Ni\u0161, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biljana","family":"Sto\u0161i\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University Clinical Center in Ni\u0161, 18000 Ni\u0161, Serbia"},{"name":"Department Surgery and Anesthesiology and Reanimatology, Faculty of Medicine, University in Ni\u0161, 18000 Ni\u0161, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4256-654X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milan","family":"Stankovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology Clinic, University Clinical Center in Ni\u0161, 18000 Ni\u0161, Serbia"},{"name":"Department Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Univeristy in Ni\u0161, 18000 Ni\u0161, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000004002","article-title":"2022 American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines for Management of the Difficult Airway","volume":"136","author":"Apfelbaum","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s40140-020-00366-w","article-title":"Preoperative Airway Evaluation","volume":"10","author":"Ellard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. 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