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health complications. Melatonin can act on adipose tissue mass, promoting its reduction and influencing inflammation, reducing IL-6 and releasing IL-10, pro- and anti-inflammatory markers, respectively. However, the role of melatonin regarding such parameters under the context of hypoestrogenism remains unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of 12 weeks of hypoestrogenism and melatonin on white adipose tissue mass and circulating levels of IL-6, IL-10, TGF-\u03b2-1, and leukotriene C4 (LTC4). Materials and Methods: The animals (Wistar rats with sixteen weeks of age at the beginning of the experiment) under hypoestrogenism were submitted to the surgical technique of bilateral ovariectomy. The animals received melatonin (10 mg\u00b7kg\u22121) or vehicles by orogastric gavage every day for 12 weeks and administration occurred systematically 1 h after the beginning of the dark period. White adipose tissue (perigonadal, peritoneal, and subcutaneous) was collected for mass recording, while blood was collected for the serum determination of IL-6, IL-10, TGF-\u03b2-1, and LTC4. Results: Hypoestrogenism increased the perigonadal and subcutaneous mass and IL-6 levels. Melatonin kept hypoestrogenic animals in physiological conditions similar to the control group and increased thymus tissue mass. Conclusions: Hypoestrogenism appears to have a negative impact on white adipose tissue mass and IL-6 and although melatonin commonly exerts a significant effect in preventing these changes, this study did not have a sufficiently negative impact caused by hypoestrogenism for melatonin to promote certain benefits.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60050740","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T07:04:14Z","timestamp":1714633454000},"page":"740","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effects of 12 Weeks of Daily Melatonin Administration on Inflammatory Markers and Adipose Tissue Mass of Rats under Hypoestrogenism"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5074-6263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taciane Maria Melges","family":"Pejon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology and Physical Exercise, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of S\u00e3o Carlos, S\u00e3o Carlos 13565-905, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guilherme Borges","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of S\u00e3o Carlos, S\u00e3o Carlos 13565-905, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2675-8069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cynthia Aparecida","family":"de Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathology and Biocompatibility, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of S\u00e3o Carlos, S\u00e3o Carlos 13565-905, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernanda de Freitas","family":"Anibal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Inflammation and Infectious Diseases, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of S\u00e3o Carlos, S\u00e3o Carlos 13565-905, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7176-2713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wladimir Rafael","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology and Physical Exercise, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of S\u00e3o Carlos, S\u00e3o Carlos 13565-905, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-020-03879-4","article-title":"Ovariectomized rodents as a menopausal metabolic syndrome model. 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