{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T00:17:41Z","timestamp":1790381861014,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: The objective of this retrospective controlled study is to compare class II growing patients who underwent treatment with two different functional appliances: the Fraenkel regulator (FR-2), utilized as the control group, and the elastodontic device \u201cCranium Occluded Postural Multifunctional Harmonizers\u201d (AMCOP), utilized as the test group. Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of 52 patients with class II division I malocclusion (30 males, 22 females, mean age 8.6 \u00b1 1.4 years) who were treated with the two different types of appliances: Group 1 (n = 27, mean age 8 [7.00, 9.00] years, 12 females, 15 males) received treatment with AMCOP, while Group 2 (n = 25, mean age 9.2 years [8.20, 10.00], 10 females, 15 males) received treatment with FR-2. The mean treatment duration for Group 1 was 28.00 [21.50, 38.00] months, while for Group 2 it was 23.70 [17.80, 27.40] months. Cephalometric analyses were performed on lateral cephalograms taken before treatment (T1) and after treatment (T2). Results: Significant intragroup differences were observed over time in Group 1 for 1^\/PP. Similarly, significant intragroup differences were observed over time in Group 2 for SNB, ANB, and IMPA. Conclusions: Both treatment modalities resulted in the correction of class II malocclusion with dentoalveolar compensation, although the treatment duration with AMCOP tended to be longer on average.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60050746","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T07:04:14Z","timestamp":1714633454000},"page":"746","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effects of Removable Functional Appliances on the Dentoalveolar Unit in Growing Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0483-6887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippo","family":"Cardarelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70121 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9897-8079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Drago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), Genova University, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4926-9473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Rizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, Genova University, 16126 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Bazzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, Genova University, 16126 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8726-4145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Pesce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), Genova University, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6503-1201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Menini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), Genova University, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8671-3025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Migliorati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), Genova University, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.2319\/052912-450.1","article-title":"Long-term skeletal and dental effects and treatment timing for functional appliances in Class II malocclusion","volume":"83","author":"Franchi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Angle Orthod."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Bimler, H.P. 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