{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T15:34:08Z","timestamp":1767713648961,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Korea"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Endoscopic epidural neuroplasty (EEN) facilitates adhesiolysis through direct epiduroscopic visualization, offering more precise neural decompression than that exhibited by percutaneous epidural neuroplasty (PEN). We aimed to compare the effects of EEN and PEN for 6 months after treatment with lower back and radicular pain in patients. Methods: This retrospective study compared the visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores in patients with low back and radicular pain who underwent EEN or PEN with a steering catheter. The medical records of 107 patients were analyzed, with 73 and 34 undergoing EEN and PEN, respectively. Results: The VAS and ODI scores decreased at all time points after EEN and PEN. VAS and ODI scores decreased more in the EEN group than those in the PEN group at 1 day and 1- and 6-months post-procedure, indicating superior pain relief for both lower back and radicular pain through EEN. Conclusions: EEN is a superior treatment of pain control than PEN in lower back and radicular pain patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60050839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T03:26:27Z","timestamp":1716261987000},"page":"839","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Comparative Study of Endoscopic versus Percutaneous Epidural Neuroplasty in Lower Back Pain: Outcomes at Six-Month Follow Up"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2277-1095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jong Bum","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1625-8650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae Chul","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8310-6561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daehyun","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jodaehyun Pain Center, Jeonju 55149, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8562-4343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae Hyung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hallym University School of Medicine, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong 18450, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Won Sok","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungdam Wooridul Spine Hospital, Seoul 06068, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kang Taek","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, AIN Hospital, Incheon 22148, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyung Gon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ho Sik","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9978-4973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eunsoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan 50612, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6124-5138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sun Yeul","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1432-8301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kibeom","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6055-3473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi Hwa","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hallym University School of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang Jun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University School of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3562-908X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinyoung","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sook Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bumhee","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Office of Biostatistics, Medical Research Collaborating Center, Ajou Research Institute for Innovative Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun Kyung","family":"Jun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yeong Seung","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji Su","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Biostatistics, Medical Research Collaborating Center, Ajou Research Institute for Innovative Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eunji","family":"Ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Beomeo First Orthopedic Clinic, Daegu 42087, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tae Kwang","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gyu Bin","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ra Yoon","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5097-6333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Na Eun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2893460","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/2893460","article-title":"Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Trans-Sacral Epiduroscopic Laser Decompression Compared to Percutaneous Epidural Neuroplasty","volume":"2019","author":"Moon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pain Res. 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Pain"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuchi.2021.04.007","article-title":"Current state of benefits of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) in spinal surgeries: A systematic review of the literature","volume":"68","author":"Zaed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurochirurgie"}],"container-title":["Medicina"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/60\/5\/839\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:45:28Z","timestamp":1760107528000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/60\/5\/839"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["medicina60050839"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina60050839","relation":{},"ISSN":["1648-9144"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1648-9144"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]]}}}