{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T10:05:09Z","timestamp":1766138709323,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a critical condition affecting pregnancies worldwide. Understanding its etiology, particularly the genetic factors, is vital. This study aims to investigate the association between ACE gene polymorphisms, specifically the ACE G2350A (rs4343) variant, and the predisposition to PE, offering insights into the genetic predisposition towards this complex condition. Methods: A case-control study was conducted with 140 participants without PE (Control Group) and 128 participants diagnosed with PE (PE Group). The study focused on comparing the prevalence of the rs4343 polymorphism between the groups. Results: The analysis identified a significantly reduced risk associated with the AG genotype and an insignificant increase in risk with the AA genotype. Statistically significant differences in demographic and clinical characteristics, such as BMI and marital status, were observed between the groups, suggesting a multifaceted risk profile for PE that includes genetic, environmental, and socio-economic factors. Conclusions: The study highlight the significant role of genetic variations, specifically the ACE G2350A (rs4343) polymorphism, in influencing PE predisposition. It highlights the intricate interplay between genetic predispositions and other risk factors in the development of PE. Further research is encouraged to expand on these findings and explore a wider range of genetic polymorphisms and their interactions with environmental factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60060890","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T13:32:55Z","timestamp":1716903175000},"page":"890","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Polymorphism Patterns and Socioeconomic Characteristics and Their Influence on the Risk of Preeclampsia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Flavius George","family":"Socol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cVictor Babe\u015f\u201d, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marius","family":"Craina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ist Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cPius Brinzeu\u201d County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Center for Laparoscopy, Laparoscopic Surgery and In Vitro Fertilization, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6793-5361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona-Alina","family":"Abu-Awwad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ist Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cPius Brinzeu\u201d County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ioana Denisa","family":"Socol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cVictor Babe\u015f\u201d, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simona Sorina","family":"Farcas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microscopic Morphology\u2014Genetics, Center of Genomic Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cVictor Babes\u201d, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6185-0960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Abu-Awwad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department XV\u2014Discipline of Orthopedics\u2014Traumatology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and 21 Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Research Center University Professor Doctor Teodor Sora, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and 23 Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Serban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1606-4319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adina-Ioana","family":"Bucur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timi\u0219oara, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1084-2714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Bernad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ist Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cPius Brinzeu\u201d County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Center for Laparoscopy, Laparoscopic Surgery and In Vitro Fertilization, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lioara","family":"Boscu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cVictor Babe\u015f\u201d, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura Claudia","family":"Popa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microscopic Morphology\u2014Genetics, Center of Genomic Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cVictor Babes\u201d, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2647-4234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicoleta Ioana","family":"Andreescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microscopic Morphology\u2014Genetics, Center of Genomic Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cVictor Babes\u201d, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2020.101123","article-title":"Prevention of preeclampsia","volume":"25","author":"Costantine","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin. Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"467","article-title":"Pre-eclampsia: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management","volume":"7","author":"Uzan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vasc. Health Risk Manag."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chang, K.J., Seow, K.M., and Chen, K.H. (2023). Preeclampsia: Recent Advances in Predicting, Preventing, and Managing the Maternal and Fetal Life-Threatening Condition. Int. J. Environ. Res. 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