{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:55:15Z","timestamp":1787028915053,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) poses significant challenges in its management, encompassing a spectrum of conditions from Crohn\u2019s disease to ulcerative colitis. Dietary interventions have emerged as integral components of the multidisciplinary approach to IBD management, with implications ranging from disease prevention to treatment of active manifestations and addressing complications such as malnutrition. While dietary interventions show promise in improving outcomes for some patients with IBD, there is no consensus in the existing literature regarding remission maintenance in those patients. Furthermore, many patients explore dietary modifications often guided by anecdotal evidence or personal experiences and this could lead to malnutrition and decreased quality of life. This comprehensive review synthesizes existing literature to elucidate the complex interplay between diet and IBD, offering insights into the efficacy and safety of various dietary modalities in maintaining disease remission. It also highlights the importance of patient education in navigating dietary choices and potential risks associated with food avoidance, including the heightened risk of micronutrient deficiencies. Furthermore, it emphasizes the pivotal role of a multidisciplinary care team comprising clinicians and dietitians in providing personalized dietary guidance tailored to individual patient needs and goals. By synthesizing the latest evidence and providing insights into both the potential benefits and risks of dietary interventions, this review could be used as a resource for healthcare professionals and patients alike in navigating the complex landscape of dietary management in IBD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60071068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T03:38:27Z","timestamp":1719805107000},"page":"1068","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A Comprehensive Review of Dietary Approaches in Maintaining Remission of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Adults"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Doina","family":"Istratescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UMF \u201cCarol Davila\u201d Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen Monica","family":"Preda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMF \u201cCarol Davila\u201d Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teodora","family":"Manuc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMF \u201cCarol Davila\u201d Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corina","family":"Meianu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMF \u201cCarol Davila\u201d Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tudor","family":"Stroie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMF \u201cCarol Davila\u201d Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mircea","family":"Diculescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMF \u201cCarol Davila\u201d Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60751-X","article-title":"Inflammatory bowel disease: Clinical aspects and established and evolving therapies","volume":"369","author":"Baumgart","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"228","article-title":"Inflammatory bowel disease-one entity with many molecular faces","volume":"14","author":"Matuszczyk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prz. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roncoroni, L., Gori, R., Elli, L., Tontini, G.E., Doneda, L., Norsa, L., Cuomo, M., Lombardo, V., Scricciolo, A., and Caprioli, F. (2022). Nutrition in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Narrative Review. Nutrients, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14040751"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gkikas, K., Gerasimidis, K., Milling, S., Ijaz, U.Z., Hansen, R., and Russell, R.K. (2020). Dietary Strategies for Maintenance of Clinical Remission in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Are We There Yet?. Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12072018"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.07.050","article-title":"A prospective study of long-term intake of dietary fiber and risk of Crohn\u2019s disease and ulcerative colitis","volume":"145","author":"Ananthakrishnan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-319505","article-title":"Adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of later-onset Crohn\u2019s disease: Results from two large prospective cohort studies","volume":"69","author":"Khalili","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2022.11.026","article-title":"Dietary Interventions for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Limketkai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.05.011","article-title":"Dietary Inflammatory Potential and Risk of Crohn\u2019s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis","volume":"159","author":"Lo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e065186","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-065186","article-title":"Global, regional and national burden of inflammatory bowel disease in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019: A systematic analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.019","article-title":"Diet as a Trigger or Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases","volume":"152","author":"Lewis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang, Y., Jarr, K., Layton, C., Gardner, C.D., Ashouri, J.F., Abreu, M.T., and Sinha, S.R. (2021). Therapeutic Implications of Diet in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Related Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases. Nutrients, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13030890"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"Cd012839","article-title":"Dietary interventions for induction and maintenance of remission in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"2","author":"Limketkai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.15403\/jgld-5090","article-title":"Diet and Gut Inflammation: The Effect of Diet on Inflammatory Markers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease\u2014A Scoping Review","volume":"32","author":"Sabo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Gastrointestin Liver Dis."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2014.04.005","article-title":"Consensus guidelines of ECCO\/ESPGHAN on the medical management of pediatric Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"8","author":"Ruemmele","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7652","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i43.7652","article-title":"Use of exclusive enteral nutrition in adults with Crohn\u2019s disease: A review","volume":"19","author":"Wall","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szczube\u0142ek, M., Pomorska, K., Kor\u00f3lczyk-Kowalczyk, M., Lewandowski, K., Kaniewska, M., and Rydzewska, G. (2021). Effectiveness of Crohn\u2019s Disease Exclusion Diet for Induction of Remission in Crohn\u2019s Disease Adult Patients. Nutrients, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13114112"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15425","article-title":"The reduction of faecal calprotectin during exclusive enteral nutrition is lost rapidly after food re-introduction","volume":"50","author":"Logan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2016.57","article-title":"A survey of people with inflammatory bowel disease to investigate their views of food and nutritional issues","volume":"70","author":"Kinsey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-012-2373-3","article-title":"Dietary patterns and self-reported associations of diet with symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"58","author":"Cohen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12400","article-title":"Patients with inflammatory bowel disease and their treating clinicians have different views regarding diet","volume":"30","author":"Holt","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hum. Nutr. Diet"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i3.895","article-title":"Diet and nutritional factors in inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"22","author":"Owczarek","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haskey, N., and Gibson, D.L. (2017). An Examination of Diet for the Maintenance of Remission in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Nutrients, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9030259"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.14291","article-title":"Systematic review with meta-analysis: Breastfeeding and the risk of Crohn\u2019s disease and ulcerative colitis","volume":"46","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100884","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100884","article-title":"Early life exposures and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease: Systematic review and meta-analyses","volume":"36","author":"Agrawal","year":"2021","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Homann, C.M., Rossel, C.A.J., Dizzell, S., Bervoets, L., Simioni, J., Li, J., Gunn, E., Surette, M.G., de Souza, R.J., and Mommers, M. (2021). Infants\u2019 First Solid Foods: Impact on Gut Microbiota Development in Two Intercontinental Cohorts. Nutrients, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13082639"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"otad077","DOI":"10.1093\/crocol\/otad077","article-title":"Diet and Nutrition in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Review of the Literature","volume":"6","author":"Manski","year":"2024","journal-title":"Crohns Colitis 360"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2023.11.303","article-title":"AGA Clinical Practice Update on Diet and Nutritional Therapies in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Expert Review","volume":"166","author":"Hashash","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2013.07.004","article-title":"The role of diet in triggering human inflammatory disorders in the modern age","volume":"15","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Microbes Infect."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.11.032","article-title":"Short-Term Western Diet Intake Promotes IL-23\u2013Mediated Skin and Joint Inflammation Accompanied by Changes to the Gut Microbiota in Mice","volume":"141","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19032","DOI":"10.1038\/srep19032","article-title":"Western diet induces a shift in microbiota composition enhancing susceptibility to Adherent-Invasive E. coli infection and intestinal inflammation","volume":"6","author":"Agus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cabral, D.J., Wurster, J.I., Korry, B.J., Penumutchu, S., and Belenky, P. (2020). Consumption of a Western-Style Diet Modulates the Response of the Murine Gut Microbiome to Ciprofloxacin. mSystems, 5.","DOI":"10.1128\/mSystems.00317-20"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-304119","article-title":"Western diet induces dysbiosis with increased E coli in CEABAC10 mice, alters host barrier function favouring AIEC colonisation","volume":"63","author":"Denizot","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.17149","article-title":"Sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages and natural juices and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: A cohort study of 121,490 participants","volume":"56","author":"Fu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2022.01.001","article-title":"High Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption Is Associated with Increased Health Care Utilization in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Multiyear, Prospective Analysis","volume":"122","author":"Ahsan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Acad. Nutr. Diet."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izaa097","article-title":"Multidimensional Impact of Mediterranean Diet on IBD Patients","volume":"27","author":"Chicco","year":"2021","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-015-3895-2","article-title":"Analysis of Hospital-Based Emergency Department Visits for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the USA","volume":"61","author":"Gajendran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.12278","article-title":"Malnutrition and quality of life among adult inflammatory bowel disease patients","volume":"4","author":"Pulley","year":"2020","journal-title":"JGH Open"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20429","article-title":"Nationwide prevalence and prognostic significance of clinically diagnosable protein-calorie malnutrition in hospitalized inflammatory bowel disease patients","volume":"14","author":"Nguyen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/S0261-5614(02)00214-5","article-title":"Nutritional risk screening (NRS 2002): A new method based on an analysis of controlled clinical trials","volume":"22","author":"Kondrup","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_40","unstructured":"BAPEN (2024, April 28). The \u201cMUST\u201d Explanatory Booklet: A Guide to the \u201cMalnutrition Universal Screening Tool\u201d (\u2018MUST\u2019) for Adults. Available online: https:\/\/www.bapen.org.uk\/pdfs\/must\/must_explan.pdf."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.08.002","article-title":"GLIM criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition\u2014A consensus report from the global clinical nutrition community","volume":"38","author":"Cederholm","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2021.105650","article-title":"Food avoidance, restrictive eating behaviour and association with quality of life in adults with inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic scoping review","volume":"167","author":"Day","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12668","article-title":"Perceptions and psychosocial impact of food, nutrition, eating and drinking in people with inflammatory bowel disease: A qualitative investigation of food-related quality of life","volume":"33","author":"Morgan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hum. Nutr. Diet."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"otab009","DOI":"10.1093\/crocol\/otab009","article-title":"Vitamin C Deficiency in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The Forgotten Micronutrient","volume":"3","author":"Dunleavy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crohns Colitis 360"},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"15","article-title":"Personalized Dietary Regimens for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives","volume":"16","author":"Wellens","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmgenom. Pers. Med."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjx102","article-title":"Prevalence of Malnutrition and Nutritional Characteristics of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"11","author":"Casanova","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izac223","article-title":"Micronutrients and Their Role in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Function, Assessment, Supplementation, and Impact on Clinical Outcomes Including Muscle Health","volume":"29","author":"Gold","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2020.05.010","article-title":"A prospective analysis of micronutrient status in quiescent inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"40","author":"MacMaster","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(21)00299-5","article-title":"The Crohn\u2019s disease exclusion diet for induction and maintenance of remission in adults with mild-to-moderate Crohn\u2019s disease (CDED-AD): An open-label, pilot, randomised trial","volume":"7","author":"Yanai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fliss-Isakov, N., Aviv Cohen, N., Bromberg, A., Elbert, G., Anbar, R., Ron, Y., Hirsch, A., Thurm, T., and Maharshak, N. (2023). Crohn\u2019s Disease Exclusion Diet for the Treatment of Crohn\u2019s Disease: Real-World Experience from a Tertiary Center. J. Clin. Med., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12165428"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2484","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i20.2484","article-title":"Lifestyle-related disease in Crohn\u2019s disease: Relapse prevention by a semi-vegetarian diet","volume":"16","author":"Chiba","year":"2010","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.05.026","article-title":"Low-Fat, High-Fiber Diet Reduces Markers of Inflammation and Dysbiosis and Improves Quality of Life in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis","volume":"19","author":"Fritsch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.03.015","article-title":"A Diet Low in Red and Processed Meat Does Not Reduce Rate of Crohn\u2019s Disease Flares","volume":"157","author":"Albenberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1918","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izy110","article-title":"Food Exclusion Based on IgG Antibodies Alleviates Symptoms in Ulcerative Colitis: A Prospective Study","volume":"24","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S807","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(16)32731-7","article-title":"Mo1889 Adherence to an \u201cAnti-Inflammatory Diet\u201d for 6 Months Can Decrease Fecal Calprotectin in Ulcerative Colitis Patients: Preliminary Findings of a Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"150","author":"Valcheva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nitescu, M., Istratescu, D., Preda, C.M., Manuc, T.E., Louis, E., Manuc, M., Stroie, T., Catrinoiu, M., Tieranu, C.G., and Badea, L.E. (2023). Role of an Exclusion Diet (Reduced Disaccharides, Saturated Fats, Emulsifiers, Red and Ultraprocessed Meats) in Maintaining the Remission of Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Adults. Medicina, 59.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59020329"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2022.12.004","article-title":"ESPEN guideline on Clinical Nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"42","author":"Bischoff","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2012.03.007","article-title":"Nutritional therapy versus 6-mercaptopurine as maintenance therapy in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"44","author":"Hanai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dig. Liver Dis."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.03120.x","article-title":"Effectiveness of an \u2018half elemental diet\u2019 as maintenance therapy for Crohn\u2019s disease: A randomized-controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Takagi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S68","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-006-0692-1","article-title":"Factors affecting recurrence in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease under nutritional therapy","volume":"49","author":"Esaki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dis. Colon Rectum."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20238","article-title":"Impacts of long-term enteral nutrition on clinical and endoscopic disease activities and mucosal cytokines during remission in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease: A prospective study","volume":"13","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"ref_62","first-page":"Cd005984","article-title":"Enteral nutrition for maintenance of remission in Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"8","author":"Akobeng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.04.021","article-title":"Crohn\u2019s Disease Exclusion Diet Plus Partial Enteral Nutrition Induces Sustained Remission in a Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"157","author":"Levine","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szczube\u0142ek, M., Pomorska, K., Kor\u00f3lczyk-Kowalczyk, M., Lewandowski, K., Kaniewska, M., and Rydzewska, G. (2021). Reply to van Lingen et al. Comment on \u201cSzczube\u0142ek et al. Effectiveness of Crohn\u2019s Disease Exclusion Diet for Induction of Remission in Crohn\u2019s Disease Adult Patients. Nutrients 2021, 13, 4112. Nutrients, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14091734"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1177\/1756283X15578607","article-title":"Specialized enteral nutrition therapy in Crohn\u2019s disease patients on maintenance infliximab therapy: A meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Nguyen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Therap. Adv. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000001896","article-title":"Nutrition in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Position Paper on Behalf of the Porto Inflammatory Bowel Disease Group of the European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition","volume":"66","author":"Miele","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2013.02.021","article-title":"Saccharomyces boulardii does not prevent relapse of Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"11","author":"Bourreille","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-019-00595-4","article-title":"A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a multi-strain probiotic in patients with asymptomatic ulcerative colitis and Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"27","author":"Bjarnason","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S-517","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(10)62390-6","article-title":"T1235 Randomised, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study of VSL#3 Versus Placebo in the Maintenance of Remission in Crohns Disease","volume":"138","author":"Willert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v10.i10.1521","article-title":"Effects of probiotic on intestinal mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"10","author":"Cui","year":"2004","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2010.11.004","article-title":"A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial with Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis","volume":"5","author":"Wildt","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5985","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i19.5985","article-title":"Effectiveness of probiotic therapy for the prevention of relapse in patients with inactive ulcerative colitis","volume":"21","author":"Yoshimatsu","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_73","first-page":"Cd015084","article-title":"Prebiotics for induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis","volume":"3","author":"Sinopoulou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2006.08.008","article-title":"Curcumin maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis: Randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"4","author":"Hanai","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.08.041","article-title":"Oral Curcumin No More Effective Than Placebo in Preventing Recurrence of Crohn\u2019s Disease After Surgery in a Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"18","author":"Bommelaer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04355.x","article-title":"Clinical trial: Vitamin D3 treatment in Crohn\u2019s disease\u2014A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study","volume":"32","author":"Agnholt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-016-4396-7","article-title":"Impact of High-Dose Vitamin D3 Supplementation in Patients with Crohn\u2019s Disease in Remission: A Pilot Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Study","volume":"62","author":"Narula","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."}],"container-title":["Medicina"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/60\/7\/1068\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:07:07Z","timestamp":1760108827000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/60\/7\/1068"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["medicina60071068"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina60071068","relation":{},"ISSN":["1648-9144"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1648-9144","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]]}}}