{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T11:43:57Z","timestamp":1772797437730,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]],"date-time":"2024-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720137600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Parathyroid adenoma is a distinct cause of primary hyperparathyroidism, with the vast majority being sporadic ones. Proteomic analysis of parathyroid adenomas has proposed a large number of related proteins. The aim of this study is to evaluate the immunohistochemical staining of ANXA2, MED12, MAPK1 and VDR in parathyroid adenoma tissue. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one parathyroid adenomas were analyzed for ANXA2, MED12, MAPK1 and VDR expressions. Tissue was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded parathyroid adenoma specimens; an immunohistochemical study was applied, and the percentage of allocation and intensity were evaluated. Results: ANXA2 stained positively in 60.8% of all cell types, while MED12 had positive staining in 66%. MAPK1 expression was found to be negative in total, although a specific pattern for oxyphil cells was observed, as they stained positive in 17.7%. Finally, VDR staining was positive at 22.8%, based on nuclear staining. Conclusions: These immunohistochemical results could be utilized as biomarkers for the diagnosis of sporadic parathyroid adenoma. It is of great importance that a distinct immunophenotype of nodule-forming cells in a positive adenoma could suggest a specific pattern of adenoma development, as in hereditary patterns.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60071100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]],"date-time":"2024-07-05T03:48:56Z","timestamp":1720151336000},"page":"1100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Sporadic Parathyroid Adenoma: A Pilot Study of Novel Biomarkers in Females"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Angeliki","family":"Cheva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, Aristotle University, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1028-4476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angeliki","family":"Chorti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7625-1680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kassiani","family":"Boulogeorgou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, Aristotle University, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4194-4222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthoula","family":"Chatzikyriakidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Biology\u2014Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, Aristotle University, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charoula","family":"Achilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Biology\u2014Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, Aristotle University, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5349-5367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vangelis","family":"Bontinis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alkis","family":"Bontinis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefanos","family":"Milias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minimal Invasive Endocrine Surgery Department, Kyanos Stavros, Euromedica, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Zarampoukas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathology, Interbalkan Medical Center, 546 26 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8479-5901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sohail Y.","family":"Bakkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrine & General Surgery, The Hashemite University, Amman 13133, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7097-9889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theodosios","family":"Papavramidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece"},{"name":"Minimal Invasive Endocrine Surgery Department, Kyanos Stavros, Euromedica, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3561","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-1413","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: Summary statement from the Fourth International Workshop","volume":"99","author":"Bilezikian","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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