{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T01:01:14Z","timestamp":1767834074806,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Immunotherapy treatment with checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has led to a breakthrough in the treatment of oncological diseases. Despite its clinical effectiveness, this treatment differs from others, such as cytotoxic chemotherapy, in that it causes immune-related adverse events. This type of toxicity can affect any organ or organ system of the body. We present a literature review and a rare clinical case from our clinical practice, in which a patient with metastatic clear cell renal carcinoma was treated with a single dose of dual checkpoint blockade (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death-1 (PD-1)) and simultaneously diagnosed with colitis, hepatitis, and nephritis. After early immunosuppressive treatment with the glucocorticoids, complete organ function recovery was achieved. The follow-up revealed a sustained complete response lasting more than a year.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60071129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T16:23:41Z","timestamp":1720801421000},"page":"1129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Multiorgan Toxicity from Dual Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy, Resulting in a Complete Response\u2014A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Skaist\u0117","family":"Asta\u0161auskait\u0117","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Oncology, Medical Academy, Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Kup\u010dinskait\u0117-Noreikien\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Oncology, Medical Academy, Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inga","family":"Zaborien\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R\u016bta","family":"Vai\u010di\u016bnien\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Medical Academy, Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomas","family":"Vanagas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Medical Academy, Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Darius","family":"Pranys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Medical Academy, Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Po\u0161kien\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Medical Academy, Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6695-7786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elona","family":"Juozaityt\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Oncology, Medical Academy, Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30700-9","article-title":"Nivolumab plus ipilimumab or nivolumab alone versus ipilimumab alone in advanced melanoma (CheckMate 067): 4-year outcomes of a multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trial","volume":"19","author":"Hodi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2730","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.19.00318","article-title":"Analysis of the association between adverse events and outcome in patients receiving a programmed death protein 1 or programmed death ligand 1 antibody","volume":"37","author":"Maher","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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