{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:18:32Z","timestamp":1760145512843,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Council of Lithuania","award":["S-LLT-23-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S-LLT-23-2"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: This study explores the complex pathogenesis of pituitary adenomas (PAs), prevalent intracranial tumors in the pituitary gland. Despite their generally benign nature, PAs exhibit a diverse clinical spectrum involving hormone hypersecretion and varying invasiveness, hinting at multifaceted molecular mechanisms and abnormalities in tumorigenesis and gene regulation. Materials and Methods: The investigation focuses on the Ki-67 labeling index, SSTR2 rs2236750, SSTR5 rs34037914, and AIP rs267606574 polymorphisms, alongside serum levels of SSTR2, SSTR5, and AIP, to discern their association with PAs. The Ki-67 labeling index was assessed using immunohistochemical analysis with the monoclonal antibody clone SP6, representing the percentage of tumor cells showing positive staining. Genotyping was performed via real-time polymerase chain reaction, and serum levels were analyzed using ELISA. The study included 128 PA patients and 272 reference group subjects. Results: The results derived from binary logistic regression analysis revealed an intriguing correlation between the SSTR2 rs2236750 AG genotype and approximately a 1.6-fold increased likelihood of PA occurrence. When analyzing SSTR5 rs34037914, statistically significant differences were found between Micro-PA and the reference group (p = 0.022). Additionally, the SSTR5 rs34037914 TT genotype, compared with CC + CT, under the most robust genetic model (selected based on the lowest AIC value), was associated with a 12-fold increased odds of Micro-PA occurrence. However, it is noteworthy that after applying Bonferroni correction, these findings did not retain statistical significance. Conclusions: Consequently, while this study hinted at a potential link between SSTR2 rs2236750 and pituitary adenoma development, as well as a potential link between SSTR5 rs34037914 and Micro-PA development, it underscored the need for further analysis involving a larger cohort to robustly validate these findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60081252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T08:14:46Z","timestamp":1722500086000},"page":"1252","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pituitary Adenoma: SSTR2 rs2236750, SSTR5 rs34037914, and AIP rs267606574 Genetic Variants, Serum Levels, and Ki-67 Labeling Index Associations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7469-8825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Greta","family":"Gedvilaite-Vaicechauskiene","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 2, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Loresa","family":"Kriauciuniene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 2, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arimantas","family":"Tamasauskas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 2, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vita","family":"Rovite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre (BMC), LV-1067 R\u012bga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilona","family":"Mandrika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre (BMC), LV-1067 R\u012bga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5208-3253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheng-Nan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan City 704, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3335-2187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chin-Wei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan City 704, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Poskiene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5395-923X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rasa","family":"Liutkeviciene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 2, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Russ, S., Anastasopoulou, C., and Shafiq, I. 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