{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T03:17:13Z","timestamp":1791343033063,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011645","name":"Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KMUH108-8M70"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KMUH108-8M70"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011645","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background and Objectives: Catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD), a common and distressing consequence of indwelling urinary catheters, can significantly impact postoperative recovery. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of bladder irrigation with a 0.05% lidocaine normal saline solution for the prevention of CRBD following transurethral surgery. (2) Materials and Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, patients were assigned to either a control group receiving normal saline or a treatment group receiving 0.05% lidocaine (2% lidocaine 25 mL in 1000 mL saline) for bladder irrigation. Both groups were administered fentanyl (1 \u03bcg\/kg) for analgesia at the end of the procedure. The primary endpoint was the assessment of the incidence and severity of CRBD upon awakening within the first 6 h postoperatively, using a four-grade scale based on the patients\u2019 reports of discomfort. (3) Results: Out of 79 patients completing the study, the incidence of moderate to severe CRBD was significantly lower in the lidocaine group (5.1%, 2\/39) compared to the control group (25%, 10\/40) at 10 min after waking from anesthesia (p = 0.014). Furthermore, the lidocaine group experienced significantly less CRBD at 1 and 2 h postoperative (2.6% and 0%, respectively) compared to the control group (20% and 10%, respectively) (p = 0.015, p = 0.043), with no significant differences at 6 h (p = 0.317). (4) Conclusions: The results suggest that bladder irrigation with 0.05% lidocaine reduces the occurrence of moderate to severe CRBD by nearly 80% in the initial 2 h postoperative period after transurethral surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60091405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T09:26:51Z","timestamp":1724750811000},"page":"1405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Preventing Postoperative Catheter-Related Bladder Discomfort (CRBD) with Bladder Irrigation Using 0.05% Lidocaine Saline Solution: Monitoring with Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) after Transurethral Surgery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8364-0008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chia-Heng","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6643-1071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I-Cheng","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9331-505X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tz-Ping","family":"Gau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3766-6450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kuang-I","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin-Ling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping-Yang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4859","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004859","article-title":"Strategies for the prevention of catheter-related bladder discomfort: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"95","author":"Hu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.14740\/jocmr4873","article-title":"Predictors of Catheter-Related Bladder Discomfort After Surgery: A Literature Review","volume":"15","author":"Mitobe","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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