{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T06:07:27Z","timestamp":1791353247527,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>An ovarian Sertoli\u2013Leydig cell tumor is a rare type of sex cord\u2013stromal tumor of the ovary. Typically, it presents as abdominal pain or androgenic manifestations in women in the second to third decade of life. While cases of ovarian Sertoli\u2013Leydig cell tumor associated with increased levels of alpha-fetoprotein are rare, they are reported to be the most common alpha-fetoprotein-producing ovarian non-germ cell tumor. We report the case of a 16-year-old patient, who presented with complaints of amenorrhea that had lasted for one year. Transabdominal ultrasound revealed the presence of a tumor in the right ovary, measuring 9.3 \u00d7 5.8 cm in size. The laboratory investigation showed an increased level of alpha-fetoprotein. The patient underwent laparoscopic right salpingo-oophorectomy. Histopathological examination confirmed the presence of a moderately differentiated (G2) Sertoli\u2013Leydig cell tumor in the right ovary. For reproductive-age patients with disease confined to the ovary, fertility-sparing surgery is recommended. According to the current recommendations, the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy is indicated in cases of the presence of heterologous elements, poorly differentiated tumors, or FIGO stages IB\u2013IV. As there were no high-risk factors and no residual disease in this case, there were no indications for further treatment with adjuvant chemotherapy. A recent follow-up visit showed that the patient is in complete remission. This report presents a detailed description of the findings, differential diagnosis, clinical course, chosen treatment, and prognosis. Also, a comprehensive literature review of ovarian Sertoli\u2013Leydig cell tumors, focusing on their clinical presentation, laboratory findings, macroscopic and histopathological features, genetics, clinical management, prognostic factors and follow-up, is provided.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60091477","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T03:16:51Z","timestamp":1725938211000},"page":"1477","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["An Ovarian Sertoli\u2013Leydig Cell Tumor with Elevated Alpha-Fetoprotein in an Adolescent: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2770-8757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabija","family":"\u017dilinskien\u0117","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Bu\u017einskien\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania"},{"name":"Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelina","family":"\u0160idlovska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center of Pathology, Affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vilius","family":"Rudaitis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania"},{"name":"Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Zhang, H.Y., Zhu, J.E., Huang, W., and Zhu, J. 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