{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T23:13:20Z","timestamp":1784848400145,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease with T cell-mediated pathogenesis of pancreatic \u03b2-cell destruction, leading to insulin deficiency. MicroRNAs such as miR-223 and miR-106b, along with PTEN, have been reported to participate in the pathophysiology of diabetes and its complications. The current study has explored the expression of miR-223, miR-106b, and PTEN and their association with various clinical and biochemical parameters in subjects diagnosed with T1DM. Materials and Methods: Sixty T1DM patients (two groups as uncomplicated\/ with microalbuminuria) and fifty healthy volunteers, age- and sex-matched, were enrolled in this study. The fasting venous blood samples were collected, and PTEN and miRNAs (miR-223 and miR-106b) levels were measured by ELISA and real-time PCR, respectively. Results: The PTEN levels of patients with microalbuminuria were significantly lower than those of patients without microalbuminuria, while those of miR-223 and miR-106b were significantly increased in the T1DM group compared with the healthy control group (p &lt; 0.001). ROC analysis indicated that PTEN, miR-223, and miR-106b could be potential biomarkers for diagnosing T1DM with high specificity but with variable sensitivities. Also, PTEN and miR-223 were negatively correlated with r =\u22120.398 and p &lt; 0.0001, indicating that they were interrelated in their role within the T1DM pathophysiology. Conclusions: In the current study, it has been shown that the circulating levels of PTEN, miR-223, and miR-106b are significantly changed in T1DM patients and may back their potential to be used as non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of T1DM. Low PTEN protein expression was related to high miR-223 expression, indicating involvement of these miRNA in the regulation of PTEN. Further studies should be performed to clarify the exact mechanisms and possible clinical applications of these molecules.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60111744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T05:47:33Z","timestamp":1729748853000},"page":"1744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dysfunction of PTEN-Associated MicroRNA Regulation: Exploring Potential Pathological Links in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Abdulhalim","family":"Senyigit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul 34403, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9272-9098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sinem","family":"Durmus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, \u0130zmir K\u00e2tip Celebi University, Izmir 35620, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8043-7971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aykut","family":"Oruc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul 34320, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Remise","family":"Gelisgen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul 34320, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1347-8498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hafize","family":"Uzun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul 34403, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omur","family":"Tabak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Istanbul 34668, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2005.03.001","article-title":"Clinical and genetik characteristic of diabetic patients with high-titer(>10,000 U\/mL) of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase","volume":"99","author":"Ishii","year":"2005","journal-title":"Immunol. 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