{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T22:39:31Z","timestamp":1787870371034,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: This article investigates the transformative impact of 3D and bio 3D printing technologies in assisted reproductive technology (ART), offering a comprehensive review of their applications in improving reproductive outcomes. Materials and Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a thorough literature search focusing on the intersection of ART and additive manufacturing, resulting in the inclusion of 48 research papers. Results: The study highlights bio 3D printing\u2019s potential in revolutionizing female infertility treatments, especially in follicle complex culture and ovary printing. We explore the use of decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) as bioink, demonstrating its efficacy in replicating the ovarian microenvironment for in vitro maturation of primordial oocytes. Furthermore, advancements in endometrial cavity interventions are discussed, including the application of sustained-release systems for growth factors and stem cell integration for endometrial regeneration, showing promise in addressing conditions like Asherman\u2019s syndrome and thin endometrium. We also examine the role of conventional 3D printing in reproductive medicine, including its use in educational simulators, personalized IVF instruments, and microfluidic platforms, enhancing training and precision in reproductive procedures. Conclusions: Our review underscores both 3D printing technologies\u2019 contribution to the dynamic landscape of reproductive medicine. They offer innovative solutions for individualized patient care, augmenting success rates in fertility treatments. This research not only presents current achievements but also anticipates future advancements in these domains, promising to expand the horizons for individuals and families seeking assistance in their reproductive journeys.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60111889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T05:36:45Z","timestamp":1731908205000},"page":"1889","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Application of Additive Manufacturing in Assisted Reproductive Techniques: What Is the Evidence? A Clinical and Technical Systematic Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Adamantia","family":"Kontogeorgi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, University of Crete, 13 Andrea Kalokairinoy Ave., 715 00 Giofirakia, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3667-4520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioannis","family":"Boutas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Breast Unit, Rea Maternity Hospital, 383 Andrea Siggrou Ave., 175 64 Paleo Faliro, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gkalia","family":"Tsangkalova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Serum IVF Fertility Center, 26, Leof. Sofokli Venizelou Av., 141 23 Likovrisi, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pantelis","family":"Messaropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gynecology Clinic, Mediteraneo Hospital, Hlias 8-12, 166 75 Glyfada, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9502-7916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nektarios I.","family":"Koufopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Pathology Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, 157 72 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1489-0011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roxana","family":"Schwab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Women\u2019s Health, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonis","family":"Makrigiannakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, University of Crete, 13 Andrea Kalokairinoy Ave., 715 00 Giofirakia, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8733-9933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magda","family":"Zanelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2299-5160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Palicelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9841-7856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Zizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy"},{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2576-6523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Broggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Advanced Technologies \u201cG.F. Ingrassia\u201d, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8591-8010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosario","family":"Caltabiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Advanced Technologies \u201cG.F. Ingrassia\u201d, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0590-1575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophia N.","family":"Kalantaridou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Atehns, 115 27 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s41205-023-00169-9","article-title":"Individualized medicine using 3D printing technology in gynecology: A scoping review","volume":"9","author":"Cooke","year":"2023","journal-title":"3D Print. Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jamieson, C., Keenan, P., Kirkwood, D.A., Oji, S., Webster, C., Russell, K.A., and Koch, T.G. (2021). 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