{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T14:03:01Z","timestamp":1787580181000,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Oradea, Romania"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent condition associated with maternal and fetal complications, including preeclampsia, preterm birth, and neonatal risks. This study investigates the prevalence, risk factors, and socio-demographic and medical determinants of GDM in a Romanian cohort. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 200 pregnant women aged 22\u201343, grouped by demographic and health factors. Data included glucose tolerance tests, hypertension, obesity, and socio-demographic evaluations. Statistical analysis, performed in SPSS with p &lt; 0.05, used logistic regression to assess variable associations. Results: GDM prevalence was 10%, with higher rates in women with obesity (25%, p = 0.03) and hypertension (12%, p = 0.01). Urban living was significantly linked to obesity and hypertension (p = 0.02). Cesarean deliveries occurred in 30% of cases (p = 0.02), and term births accounted for 85% (p = 0.01). Factor analysis identified two key patterns, with urban-related health risks (obesity and hypertension) and socio-demographic vulnerabilities (marital status and rural residence) increasing GDM risk. Conclusions: GDM prevalence underscores the impact of medical and socio-demographic factors, stressing the need for tailored interventions like weight management, glycemic control, and equitable healthcare access to reduce risks and improve outcomes for mothers and infants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61020194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T04:54:31Z","timestamp":1737608071000},"page":"194","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Prevalence and Risk Factors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Romania: Maternal and Fetal Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Ait El Haj","family":"Iman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Disciplines, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anca","family":"Huniadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Disciplines, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania"},{"name":"Calla\u2014Infertility Diagnostic and Treatment Center, Constantin A. Rosetti Street, 410103 Oradea, Romania"},{"name":"Pelican Clinical Hospital, Corneliu Coposu Street 2, 410450 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mircea","family":"Sandor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Disciplines, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioana Alexandra","family":"Zaha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Disciplines, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania"},{"name":"Calla\u2014Infertility Diagnostic and Treatment Center, Constantin A. Rosetti Street, 410103 Oradea, Romania"},{"name":"Pelican Clinical Hospital, Corneliu Coposu Street 2, 410450 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioana","family":"Rotar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Disciplines, Iuliu Ha\u021bieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Strada Victor Babe\u0219 8, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristian","family":"Iuhas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Disciplines, Iuliu Ha\u021bieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Strada Victor Babe\u0219 8, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2020.948","article-title":"The Clinical Characteristics of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Korea: A National Health Information Database Study","volume":"36","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocrinol. 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