{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T00:42:59Z","timestamp":1759970579197,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,25]],"date-time":"2025-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Tuberculous meningoencephalitis is a rare manifestation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), with the most severe form and highest mortality. It can cause multiple complications, and treatment is difficult, as drugs cannot properly diffuse through the haemato-encephalitic barrier. We reported the case of a 17-year-old female patient who was admitted to the emergency room department with a fever for previous two weeks (up to 39 \u00b0C), dizziness, difficulty walking, and weight loss. Magnetic resonance imaging indicated possible meningoencephalitis, and a CT scan of the lungs visualised miliary infiltrates in both lungs. After repeated tests, Mtb DNA was found in the bronchial wash, cerebrospinal fluid, faeces, and urine via an Xpert\/Rif Ultra test. Treatment was started with isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, and corticosteroids as well. Although treatment was initiated within the first few days in the hospital, a reduction in glucocorticoid dosage worsened the patient\u2019s neurological state, making treatment even more challenging. Prolonged use of glucocorticoids led to an improvement in the stage of the condition. Further, over time, the patient\u2019s condition improved. Pulmonary infiltrations were not found after 2.5 months of starting therapy. Conclusions: Timely treatment is crucial for improving the prognosis of patients with miliary tuberculosis and tuberculous meningoencephalitis. Prompt recognition of symptoms and accurate diagnosis are essential to initiate effective treatment strategies. In this patient\u2019s case, prolonged use of corticosteroids reduced neurologic complications, and ongoing treatment gradually improved the patient\u2019s condition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61020214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T06:39:51Z","timestamp":1737959991000},"page":"214","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Prolonged Corticosteroid Use in the Treatment of Tuberculous Meningoencephalitis: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6470-3704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annija","family":"Holstroma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Riga Stradins University, 16 Dzirciema Street, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7457-1901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arturs","family":"Balodis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Riga Stradins University, 16 Dzirciema Street, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia"},{"name":"Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, 13 Pilsonu Street, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7485-3880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artis","family":"Brokans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Riga Stradins University, 16 Dzirciema Street, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia"},{"name":"Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, 13 Pilsonu Street, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anda","family":"Viksna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectology, Riga Stradins University, 16 Dzirciema Street, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia"},{"name":"Centre of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Riga East Clinical University Hospital, LV-2118 Upeslejas, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2024). 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