{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T00:49:46Z","timestamp":1760057386584,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Advanced Clinician Scientist Programme","award":["01EO2107","535107899","397484323"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01EO2107","535107899","397484323"]}]},{"name":"German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)","award":["01EO2107","535107899","397484323"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01EO2107","535107899","397484323"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01EO2107","535107899","397484323"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01EO2107","535107899","397484323"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Remifentanil is a member of the fentanyl family and a short-acting, esterase-metabolized opioid that offers potential advantages over fentanyl in ophthalmic surgeries characterized by rapid patient turnover. This study aimed to compare two different analgesia induction regimes, remifentanil or fentanyl, with respect to intraoperative hypotensive events and perioperative process times in patients undergoing ophthalmic surgery under general anesthesia. Materials and Methods: Clinical data of 500 patients either receiving remifentanil infusion (R group, 0.4\u20130.5 \u03bcg\/kg\/min at induction, and then 0.1 \u00b5g\/kg\/min maintenance dose) or fentanyl bolus (F group, 1 \u03bcg\/kg for induction followed by 0.1 \u03bcg\/kg\/min remifentanil maintenance dose) were analyzed in this retrospective study. All patients received a propofol injection as part of the induction and sevoflurane for the maintenance of anesthesia. We investigated hemodynamic events as defined by the administration of vasopressors, atropine and Akrinor (Theodrenaline and Cafedrine), as well as procedural times in the two groups. Results: There was no difference in hypotensive events between the two groups. However, there was a relationship between preoperative ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) status and vasopressor administration. The amount of propofol for the induction of anesthesia exhibited a significant correlation to the age of the patients (p &lt; 0.05). The time from the end of anesthesia to discharge from the recovery room was significantly reduced by approximately 6 min per patient in the remifentanil group (p &lt; 0.01). In conclusion, the induction of anesthesia with high-dose remifentanil combined with propofol can significantly shorten the time span to discharge from the recovery ward compared to fentanyl bolus administration, without an increase in the administration of vasopressors in patients undergoing ophthalmic surgery in general anesthesia. Conclusions: These findings suggest that remifentanil may be a more effective choice for anesthesia management in settings with high patient turnover.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61020282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T09:54:38Z","timestamp":1738835678000},"page":"282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of Fentanyl on Recovery Times and Hypotensive Events in Ophthalmic Surgery: A Comparative Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Garegin","family":"Manukyan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Beel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9881-4875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus","family":"Thudium","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7647-1613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina Katharina","family":"Weisheit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199202000-00008","article-title":"Eye injuries associated with anesthesia. A closed claims analysis","volume":"76","author":"Gild","year":"1992","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2007.05221.x","article-title":"Remifentanil for general anaesthesia: A systematic review","volume":"62","author":"Komatsu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1","DOI":"10.1186\/cc2398","article-title":"Remifentanil versus fentanyl for analgesia based sedation to provide patient comfort in the intensive care unit: A randomized, double-blind controlled trial [ISRCTN43755713]","volume":"8","author":"Muellejans","year":"2004","journal-title":"Crit. Care"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-200012000-00022","article-title":"A comparison of the cost-effectiveness of remifentanil versus fentanyl as an adjuvant to general anesthesia for outpatient gynecologic surgery","volume":"91","author":"Beers","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-199910001-00001","article-title":"An overview of remifentanil","volume":"89","author":"Rosow","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-8180(02)00404-X","article-title":"A comparison of the remifentanil and fentanyl adverse effect profile in a multicenter phase IV study","volume":"14","author":"Joshi","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Anesth."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wijnberge, M., van der Ster, B., Vlaar, A.P.J., Hollmann, M.W., Geerts, B.F., and Veelo, D.P. (2022). The Effect of Intermittent versus Continuous Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Monitoring on the Detection of Intraoperative Hypotension, a Sub-Study. J. Clin. Med., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11144083"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6516","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-021-09006-8","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of remifentanil for endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition: A single center retrospective study","volume":"36","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surg. Endosc."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-200210000-00004","article-title":"Remifentanil, fentanyl, and cardiac surgery: A double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial of costs and outcomes","volume":"95","author":"Myles","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."}],"container-title":["Medicina"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/61\/2\/282\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T16:28:13Z","timestamp":1760027293000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/61\/2\/282"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["medicina61020282"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina61020282","relation":{},"ISSN":["1648-9144"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1648-9144"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]}}}