{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T19:54:36Z","timestamp":1765828476767,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739491200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Immunotherapy has been widely applied to treat metastatic renal cell cancer patients. Managing the side effects of immunotherapy can be a challenge. Here, we describe a rare presentation of cutaneous anguillulosis during immunotherapy. The patient experienced a rash eruption after receiving immunotherapy for metastatic renal cell cancer. The diagnosis of skin toxicity caused by immunotherapy was rejected after the failure of treatment by cortisone. The travelling history and a laboratory test confirmed the presence of anguillulosis infection. A diagnosis of cutaneous anguillulosis was established. Satisfactory treatment with ivermectin was achieved for cutaneous lesions. Immunotherapy was restored without any skin symptoms. We suggested the possible mechanism of cutaneous demonstration of immune inflammatory syndrome during the immunotherapy of a cancer patient with parasitic infection. It was concluded that a comprehensive search for previous infectious pathogens should be performed to ensure a correct diagnosis and timely treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61020339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T06:52:01Z","timestamp":1739515921000},"page":"339","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cutaneous Anguillulosis During Immunotherapy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Pierre","family":"Cornillon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, North Hospital, CHU Saint Etienne, 42000 Saint Etienne, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Beguinot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Medipole Lyon Villeurbanne Mutualist Clinic, 69100 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Maillet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, IMMUCARE, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Institut de Canc\u00e9rologie des Hospices de Lyon, 69152 Pierre-B\u00e9nite, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8485-9386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wafa","family":"Bouleftour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, North Hospital, CHU Saint Etienne, 42000 Saint Etienne, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanis","family":"Bouqallaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, North Hospital, CHU Saint Etienne, 42000 Saint Etienne, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Flori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology, North Hospital, CHU Saint Etienne, 42000 Saint Etienne, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8832-2562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pauline","family":"Corbaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, North Hospital, CHU Saint Etienne, 42000 Saint Etienne, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4457-3380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guorong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, North Hospital, CHU Saint Etienne, 42000 Saint Etienne, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pkae067","DOI":"10.1093\/jncics\/pkae067","article-title":"Cost trends of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Therapy: The impact of oral anticancer agents and immunotherapy","volume":"8","author":"Forman","year":"2024","journal-title":"JNCI Cancer Spectr."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"242","article-title":"Anguillule et anguillulose","volume":"2","author":"Nicolas","year":"2005","journal-title":"EMC-Mal. 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