{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T04:35:18Z","timestamp":1793248518281,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union NextGenerationEU","award":["MUR D.M. 737\/2021\u2014UNIPA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MUR D.M. 737\/2021\u2014UNIPA"]}]},{"name":"European Union NextGenerationEU","award":["451-03-136\/2025-03\/200161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-136\/2025-03\/200161"]}]},{"name":"European Union NextGenerationEU","award":["51-03-137\/2025-03\/200161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51-03-137\/2025-03\/200161"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation, Republic of Serbia","award":["MUR D.M. 737\/2021\u2014UNIPA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MUR D.M. 737\/2021\u2014UNIPA"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation, Republic of Serbia","award":["451-03-136\/2025-03\/200161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-136\/2025-03\/200161"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation, Republic of Serbia","award":["51-03-137\/2025-03\/200161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51-03-137\/2025-03\/200161"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Growing interest in incretin-based therapies for diabetes mellitus has led to an increased evaluation of their potential effects on cancer development. This review aims to synthesize recent evidence regarding the relationship between incretin-based therapies and cancer risk. We conducted a comprehensive literature review focusing on studies investigating dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, and dual GLP-1\/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonists in relation to various malignancies. Current findings suggest that while these therapies demonstrate potential benefits, including weight reduction and metabolic regulation, concerns remain regarding their long-term safety profile. Notably, some studies indicate an increased risk of thyroid and pancreatic cancers, while others report protective effects against prostate, colorectal, and breast cancers. Given the complexity of their effects, further long-term studies and post-marketing surveillance are warranted. This review highlights the need for careful clinical assessment when prescribing incretin-based therapies to patients who may be at increased risk of cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61040678","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T08:46:20Z","timestamp":1744274780000},"page":"678","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Incretin-Based Therapies and Cancer: What\u2019s New?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Sanja","family":"Medenica","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine Clinic, Clinical Centre of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jelena","family":"Bogdanovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jelena","family":"Vekic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanja","family":"Vojinovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Study Program Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivana","family":"Babic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Center, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6863-8639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ljiljana","family":"Bogdanovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviana","family":"Maggio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, PROMISE Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medicinal Specialties, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed El","family":"Tanani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 11127, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9549-8504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manfredi","family":"Rizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, PROMISE Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medicinal Specialties, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy"},{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 11127, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1002\/med.22070","article-title":"Incretin-based therapies for the management of cardiometabolic disease in the clinic: Past, present, and future","volume":"45","author":"Psaltis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med. 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