{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T20:29:59Z","timestamp":1793046599702,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,13]],"date-time":"2025-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022R1F1A1064147"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1F1A1064147"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Four Phases of the Brain Korea 21 Program in 2022","award":["2022R1F1A1064147"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1F1A1064147"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Studies investigating the types of dietary supplements associated with the atopic triad using large-scale data remain limited. We assessed the prevalence of the atopic triad, the types of dietary supplements used, and their associations in Korean adults using a 4-year national survey data. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2018\u20132021). Adults aged \u2265 19 years were included. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize participants\u2019 overall characteristics and estimate the national prevalence of the atopic triad, defined as a diagnosis of asthma, allergic rhinitis, or atopic dermatitis. Logistic regression analyses were conducted using each atopic condition as a dependent variable, with the types of dietary supplements currently used as independent variables. Covariates included socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors, frailty, and diet. Dietary supplements were categorized as multivitamins\/minerals, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin A\/lutein, propolis, omega-3, probiotics, red ginseng, calcium, or iron. Results: A total of 18,182 adults were analyzed, representing an estimated 52.8 million adults (mean age: 47 years; 50% male). Of these, 21% reported a history of any atopic triad, and 61% were current supplement users. Logistic regression showed significantly higher odds of all three atopic conditions among users of propolis (asthma: OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.04\u20133.47; allergic rhinitis: OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.25\u20132.17; atopic dermatitis: OR 2.04, 95% CI: 1.18\u20133.52), and higher odds of allergic rhinitis among users of probiotics (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.06\u20131.38) and vitamin D (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.16\u20131.75). Conclusions: A positive association was found between propolis use and all three atopic conditions. Also, a positive association was found between probiotics or vitamin D use and allergic rhinitis. We did not find significant associations with the other supplements. Further research in establishing causal relationships between the dietary supplements and atopic conditions are needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61040718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T09:06:51Z","timestamp":1744621611000},"page":"718","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Utilization of Dietary Supplements in People with the Atopic Triad in Korea: A Cross-Sectional Study Using KNHANES (2018\u20132021)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Hyunjoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heesoo","family":"Bang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunkyung Euni","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, P. 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