{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T17:04:09Z","timestamp":1794330249206,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,20]],"date-time":"2025-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the supporting tissues of the teeth. Early diagnosis is crucial for preventing severe complications. This study investigates and compares the utility of two salivary biomarkers, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1\u03b2) and matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), in the early detection and staging of periodontal disease. Methods: This study included 189 patients, all of whom were evaluated both clinically and biologically. Each participant provided unstimulated saliva samples, which were analyzed using ELISA methods to quantify IL-1\u03b2 and MMP-8 levels. Clinical periodontal data, including probing depth (3.9 \u00b1 0.6 mm), clinical attachment loss (3.4 \u00b1 0.6 mm), and Plaque Index (2.35 \u00b1 0.55), were collected for all subjects. Biomarker concentrations were then correlated with these clinical parameters and with disease severity, classified according to the 2018 EFP\/AAP criteria. Results: IL-1\u03b2 levels (210 \u00b1 95 pg\/mL) were strongly associated with early gingival inflammation, while MMP-8 levels (185 \u00b1 140 ng\/mL) correlated with periodontal tissue destruction (p &lt; 0.01). MMP-8 showed a higher sensitivity for diagnosing advanced stages (p = 0.002), whereas IL-1\u03b2 was more effective in detecting early inflammatory changes (p = 0.01). Logistic regression identified MMP-8 as a significant predictor of advanced disease (coefficient 0.85, p &lt; 0.001) and IL-1\u03b2 as an indicator of early inflammation (coefficient 0.25, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Both biomarkers are valuable tools for the diagnosis and staging of periodontal disease. MMP-8 is relevant for identifying advanced cases, while IL-1\u03b2 supports early detection. Their combined use may enhance diagnostic accuracy and guide personalized periodontal care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61040760","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,20]],"date-time":"2025-04-20T20:31:36Z","timestamp":1745181096000},"page":"760","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Role of Salivary Biomarkers IL-1\u03b2 and MMP-8 in Early Detection and Staging of Periodontal Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7701-2307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liliana","family":"Sachelarie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preclinical Discipline, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Apollonia University, 700511 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corina Laura","family":"Stefanescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Ovidius, 900527 Constanta, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodica Maria","family":"Murineanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Ovidius, 900527 Constanta, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mircea","family":"Grigorian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Ovidius, 900527 Constanta, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agripina","family":"Zaharia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Ovidius, 900527 Constanta, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2643-761X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioana","family":"Scrobota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 1st December Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3803-9405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Loredana Liliana","family":"Hurjui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Discipline of Physiology, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12732","article-title":"Impact of the global burden of periodontal diseases on health, nutrition, and wellbeing of mankind: A call for global action","volume":"44","author":"Tonetti","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S70","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12064","article-title":"Periodontal systemic associations: Review of the evidence","volume":"40","author":"Linden","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. 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