{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:36:04Z","timestamp":1792805764751,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Kaunas University of Technology project \u201cInnovative Non-Invasive Neuroprotection Technologies for Cardiac Surgery, Neurosurgery, and Ophthalmology\u201d","award":["01.2.2-CPVA-K-703-03-0025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01.2.2-CPVA-K-703-03-0025"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01me6gb93","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Kaunas University of Technology project \u201cInnovative Non-Invasive Neuroprotection Technologies for Cardiac Surgery, Neurosurgery, and Ophthalmology\u201d","award":["R01EY030851"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY030851"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01me6gb93","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Kaunas University of Technology project \u201cInnovative Non-Invasive Neuroprotection Technologies for Cardiac Surgery, Neurosurgery, and Ophthalmology\u201d","award":["R01EY034718"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY034718"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01me6gb93","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["01.2.2-CPVA-K-703-03-0025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01.2.2-CPVA-K-703-03-0025"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R01EY030851"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY030851"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R01EY034718"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY034718"]}]},{"name":"NYEE Foundation grants","award":["01.2.2-CPVA-K-703-03-0025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01.2.2-CPVA-K-703-03-0025"]}]},{"name":"NYEE Foundation grants","award":["R01EY030851"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY030851"]}]},{"name":"NYEE Foundation grants","award":["R01EY034718"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY034718"]}]},{"name":"The Glaucoma Foundation","award":["01.2.2-CPVA-K-703-03-0025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01.2.2-CPVA-K-703-03-0025"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01qc2fa96","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"The Glaucoma Foundation","award":["R01EY030851"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY030851"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01qc2fa96","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"The Glaucoma Foundation","award":["R01EY034718"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY034718"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01qc2fa96","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Challenge Grant award from Research to Prevent Blindness","award":["01.2.2-CPVA-K-703-03-0025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01.2.2-CPVA-K-703-03-0025"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04drjs621","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Challenge Grant award from Research to Prevent Blindness","award":["R01EY030851"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY030851"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04drjs621","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Challenge Grant award from Research to Prevent Blindness","award":["R01EY034718"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY034718"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04drjs621","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Barry Family Center for Ophthalmic Artificial Intelligence &amp; Human Health","award":["01.2.2-CPVA-K-703-03-0025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01.2.2-CPVA-K-703-03-0025"]}]},{"name":"Barry Family Center for Ophthalmic Artificial Intelligence &amp; Human Health","award":["R01EY030851"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY030851"]}]},{"name":"Barry Family Center for Ophthalmic Artificial Intelligence &amp; Human Health","award":["R01EY034718"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY034718"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Despite the growing amount of new research, the pathophysiology of glaucoma remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between intracranial pressure (ICP), ocular blood flow and structural optic nerve parameters. Materials and Methods: A prospective clinical study was conducted involving 24 patients with open-angle glaucoma and 25 healthy controls. Routine clinical examination was performed. Swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) images were taken (DRI-OCT Triton, Topcon). The vessel density (VD) values of the ONH were calculated around the optic nerve head (ONH). An orbital Doppler device (Vittamed 205, Kaunas, Lithuania) was used for non-invasive ICP measurements. Color Doppler imaging (CDI) (Mindray M7, Shenzhen, China) was used for retrobulbar blood flow measurements in the ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA) and short posterior ciliary arteries (SPCAs). Results: ICP was 8.35 \u00b1 2.8 mmHg in the glaucoma group and 8.45 \u00b1 3.19 mmHg in the control group (p = 0.907). In the glaucoma group, the VD of the superficial vascular plexus in the inferior-nasal (NI) sector of the ONH showed a correlation with ICP (r = 0.451, p = 0.05). In contrast, the control group exhibited weaker correlations. CRA peak systolic velocity (PSV) demonstrated significant moderate correlations with VD in multiple retinal layers, including the avascular retina layer in the temporal (T) sector (r = 0.637, p = 0.001). Conclusions: Lower ICP was significantly associated with the lower VD of the superficial plexus layer in the inferior-nasal sector in the glaucoma group, with the control group exhibiting weaker correlations in all sectors. Further longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are needed to establish associations between intracranial pressure, ocular blood flow and ONH parameters.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61050800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T10:42:09Z","timestamp":1745577729000},"page":"800","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Relationship Between Intracranial Pressure, Ocular Blood Flow and Vessel Density: Insights from OCTA and Doppler Imaging"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Arminas","family":"Zizas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keren","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aust\u0117ja","family":"Judickait\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8964-0738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vytautas","family":"Petkus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Telematics Science Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arminas","family":"Ragauskas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Telematics Science Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viktorija","family":"Bakstyt\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8770-3726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alon","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrida","family":"Janulevi\u010dien\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.11.2.17","article-title":"Prospective pilot clinical study of noninvasive cerebrovascular autoregulation monitoring in open-angle glaucoma patients and healthy subjects","volume":"11","author":"Hamarat","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transl. 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