{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T04:24:06Z","timestamp":1794025446266,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,26]],"date-time":"2025-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: This study compared the effects of blood flow restriction resistance exercise (BFR-RE) and high-load resistance exercise (HL-RE) in voluntary exhaustion on quadriceps muscle adaptations in untrained young males. Materials and Methods: This study used a randomized controlled design that included 30 untrained young males (age = 21.42 \u00b1 2.51). The BFR-RE group performed leg extension exercises with 60% occlusion pressure and 30% of one maximum repetition in volitional exhaustion. The same exercise was conducted at 70% 1RM in the HL-RE group. Fourteen variables were used to evaluate the intervention efficacy, including muscle thickness, stiffness, strength, cross-sectional area (CSA), and subcutaneous fat thickness. Analyses were reported using frequentist and Bayesian approaches. The Bayes factor (BF10 and BFincl) was interpreted based on negative and positive values. Results: The results revealed that the main effect of time was statistically significant for muscle strength, thickness, CSA, and stiffness (p &lt; 0.05, BFincl &gt; 1) and, in intragroup comparisons, both groups showed improvements in these parameters (p &lt; 0.05, BF10 &gt; 1). A statistically significant decrease in subcutaneous fat thickness was observed in the BFR-RE group (p &lt; 0.05, BF10 &gt; 1), while this change was not observed in the HL-RE group (p &gt; 0.05, BF10 &lt; 1). Similarly, a statistically significant increase in right rectus femoris muscle stiffness was detected in the BFR-RE group (p &lt; 0.05, BF10 &gt; 1) but not in the HL-RE group (p &gt; 0.05, BF10 &lt; 1). Furthermore, time\u2019s main effect was statistically insignificant for thigh circumference (p &gt; 0.05, BFincl &lt; 1). The group \u00d7 time interaction was statistically significant only for peak power leg flexion left (p &lt; 0.05, BFincl &gt; 1), and a statistically significant difference in favor of the BFR-RE group was observed in the intergroup comparisons (p &lt; 0.05, BF10 &gt; 1). Conclusions: In conclusion, BF-RE exercise with voluntary exhaustion may be as effective as HL-RE for hypertrophic adaptations in untrained young males.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61050804","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]],"date-time":"2025-05-04T20:42:37Z","timestamp":1746391357000},"page":"804","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Resistance Exercise Versus Traditional Resistance Exercise in Voluntary Exhaustion on Quadriceps Muscle Adaptations in Untrained Young Males: A Randomized Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9696-6541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustafa \u015eakir","family":"Akg\u00fcl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Coaching Education, Hasan Dogan Faculty of Sport Sciences, Karabuk University, Karabuk 78000, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3595-8812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00fcseyin \u015eahin","family":"Uysal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur 15030, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nevin K\u00f6remezli","family":"Keskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Karabuk University Training and Research Hospital, Karabuk 78000, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6117-8329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tu\u011fba","family":"\u00c7etin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Coaching Education, Hasan Dogan Faculty of Sport Sciences, Karabuk University, Karabuk 78000, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merve","family":"Ba\u015fdemirci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Karabuk University Training and Research Hospital, Karabuk 78000, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melike Nur","family":"Akg\u00fcl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eskipazar Vocational School, Karabuk University, Karabuk 78000, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zehra","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Coaching Education, Hasan Dogan Faculty of Sport Sciences, Karabuk University, Karabuk 78000, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6365-2207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ebubekir","family":"\u00c7ift\u00e7i","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Movement and Exercise Sciences, The Institute of Graduate Programs, Istanbul Geli\u015fim University, \u0130stanbul 34315, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Recep","family":"Soslu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Karamano\u011flu Mehmetbey University, Karaman 70200, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-014-0288-1","article-title":"Exercise with Blood Flow Restriction: An Updated Evidence-Based Approach for Enhanced Muscular Development","volume":"45","author":"Scott","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-011-2167-x","article-title":"Low Intensity Blood Flow Restriction Training: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"112","author":"Loenneke","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. 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