{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:58:37Z","timestamp":1788483517830,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University","award":["RGP2\/44\/46"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP2\/44\/46"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Coronary artery disease (CAD) significantly impacts health-related quality of life (HRQoL), with lifestyle factors and comorbidities influencing various dimensions of well-being. This study aimed to assess HRQoL and its association with sociodemographic and lifestyle factors in CAD patients. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Rajiv Gandhi Co-operative Multispecialty Hospital, South India, from July 2022 to April 2023, where lifestyle factors were assessed, and HRQoL was measured using the EQ-5D-3L. The differences and associations of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors with HRQoL were analyzed using the chi-square test and multivariate regression. Results: A total of 212 CAD patients were included in this study. Female gender and comorbid disease were more likely to be associated with reported problems in mobility (89.7%, 78.8%) and anxiety\/depression (97.4%, 92.7%) (p &lt; 0.05). Factors such as age \u2265 50 years, family history of CAD, current smoking, comorbid disease, and a moderate- to high-risk diet significantly influenced anxiety\/depression (p &lt; 0.05). Patients with comorbid disease and moderate- to high-risk dietary intake were significantly associated with all five dimensions (p &lt; 0.05). Gender, educational level, alcohol intake, and sleep duration did not show a significant association with all dimensions (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusions: This study found that CAD patients undergoing treatment for secondary prevention exhibited inadequate HRQoL, particularly in terms of mental health. Factors such as comorbid disease and moderate- to high-risk dietary intake were significantly associated with reduced HRQoL. Older age, family history of CAD, current smoking habit, comorbid disease, and a moderate- to high-risk diet were significantly associated with anxiety\/depression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61050824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]],"date-time":"2025-05-04T20:42:37Z","timestamp":1746391357000},"page":"824","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Exploring Factors Affecting Health-Related Quality of Life in Coronary Artery Disease Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Geetha","family":"Kandasamy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62521, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thangamani","family":"Subramani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice, Grace College of Pharmacy, Palakkad 678004, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4278-8364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mona","family":"Almanasef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62521, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6651-2306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khalid","family":"Orayj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62521, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0763-1510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eman","family":"Shorog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62521, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asma M.","family":"Alshahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Dawadimi 11911, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7541-385X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tahani S.","family":"Alanazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62521, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anusha","family":"Majeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice, Grace College of Pharmacy, Palakkad 678004, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2021). 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