{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T16:23:51Z","timestamp":1762273431430,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Post-term pregnancies are associated with increased risks of perinatal complications. This study aimed to evaluate potential cardiac electrophysiological changes in pregnant women by comparing the QRS duration, interval of corrected QT (QTc), and frontal QRS-T angle [f(QRS-T)] between term and post-term pregnancies. Materials and Methods: In this observational prospective study, 120 pregnant women were enrolled\u201460 term (37\u201341 weeks) and 60 post-term (\u226542 weeks). All participants underwent standard 12-lead electrocardiography (ECG) and caesarean section with spinal anaesthesia. The QTc interval, QRS duration, and frontal QRS-T angle were measured. Demographic parameters such as age, gestational week, height, and weight were recorded. The SPSS software was used to analyse the data with p &lt; 0.05 as the threshold for significance. Results: Post-operative QTc interval (417.3 \u00b1 20.5 vs. 410.2 \u00b1 14.5, p = 0.032) and f(QRS-T) (28 [16\u201355] vs. 22 [14\u201334], p = 0.042) were significantly higher in the post-term group than in the term group. When the change in the f(QRS-T) angle was analysed, there was a significant widening of this angle in the post-term group (from 21 [11\u201337] to 28 [16\u201355], p = 0.002). The increased f(QRS-T) angle reflects greater heterogeneity in ventricular depolarisation and repolarisation, which may indicate sub-clinical myocardial stress or altered autonomic regulation in the post-term period. Although no overt arrhythmias were observed, subtle changes in P-wave morphology and QT dispersion were more prevalent in the post-term group. Conclusions: Prolonged QRS duration and an increased f(QRS-T) angle in post-term pregnancies can reflect the underlying changes in cardiac electrophysiology related to prolonged gestation. These ECG parameters may serve as non-invasive indicators of sub-clinical cardiac stress, which could be relevant for anaesthetic risk assessment and perinatal management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61050919","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T08:41:12Z","timestamp":1747730472000},"page":"919","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparison of the Effects of Spinal Anaesthesia on Frontal QRS-T Angle in Term and Post-Term Pregnancies Planned for Elective Caesarean Section: A Prospective Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8751-5298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmet","family":"Kaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Mehmet Akif Inan Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Science, Sanliurfa 63040, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7210-9481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmut Alp","family":"Karahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Mehmet Akif Inan Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Science, Sanliurfa 63040, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tugba","family":"Bingol Tanriverdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Mehmet Akif Inan Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Science, Sanliurfa 63040, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6215-6532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alev","family":"Esercan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanuni Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Science, Trabzon 61250, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melike","family":"Bostanci Erkmen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Sanliurfa Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa 63250, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1053-1417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zulkif","family":"Tanriverdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa 63300, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003833","article-title":"Obstetric Anesthesia and Heart Disease: Practical Clinical Considerations","volume":"135","author":"Meng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"24","article-title":"QT Dispersion in Young, Ideal, and Old Aged Pregnancies","volume":"8","author":"Nikoo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. 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