{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T14:19:54Z","timestamp":1788272394276,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a disease that leads to muscle weakness and significantly affects the lives of both patients and caregivers. This study aims to compare quality of life, caregiver burden, symptoms of depression and anxiety, life satisfaction, and mental well-being between parents of children with SMA and those of healthy children. Methods: This cross-sectional study included parents of children under 18 years old, both healthy and diagnosed with SMA. The participants completed the WHOQOL-BREF, Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale (ZCBS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and the Flourishing Scale (FS). In addition, the relationships among these measures were analyzed. Results: Our study showed that the parents of children with SMA had significantly higher scores across all subscales of the WHOQOL-BREF (p = 0.004, p = 0.009, p = 0.007, p &lt; 0.001) and the HADS depression subscale (p = 0.005). However, no significant differences were found between the groups in terms of the ZCBS, the HADS anxiety subscale (p = 0.802), SWLS (p = 0.251), or FS (p = 0.929) scores. Additionally, the ZCBS and HADS anxiety scores were significantly higher among parents of children with SMA type 1 compared to those with type 3 (p = 0.010 and p = 0.037, respectively). Lastly, a moderate positive correlation was found between the ZCBS and the HADS anxiety subscales (r = 0.632, p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: This study highlights the decline in quality of life and increased depression symptoms among parents of children with SMA, suggesting the need for psychiatric evaluation and additional support for those caregivers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61050930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T07:44:57Z","timestamp":1747813497000},"page":"930","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Quality of Life, Caregiver Burden, and Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety in Parents of Children with Spinal Muscular Atrophy: A Comparison with Healthy Controls"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6458-1826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zehra","family":"Koyuncu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 3409 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seda","family":"S\u00f6nmez Kurukaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 3409 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fitnat","family":"Ulu\u011f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology, Istanbul Prof. Dr. Cemil Ta\u015fcio\u011flu City Hospital, 34020 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tu\u011f\u00e7e Damla","family":"Dilek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmant of Pediatrics, S\u00f6dra Alvsborgs Hospital, 50182 Bor\u00e5s, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y\u0131lmaz","family":"Zindar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 3409 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1100-2015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B\u00fc\u015fra","family":"Arslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic, Amasya Sabuncuoglu Serefeddin Research and Trainee Hospital, 05000 Amasya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8793-8530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Berkay","family":"Tay\u015fi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 3409 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5289-3898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elif","family":"Ana\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 3409 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5278-1383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustafa","family":"Balkanas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 3409 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sena","family":"Kesik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 3409 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevser","family":"Sak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dulkadiro\u011flu District Health Directorate, 46050 Kahramanmaras, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6mer Faruk","family":"Demirel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 3409 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Burak","family":"Do\u011fang\u00fcn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 3409 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sema","family":"Salt\u0131k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 3409 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2025, May 07). 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