{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T00:22:48Z","timestamp":1793146968740,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,8]],"date-time":"2025-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting approximately 1% of the population. It presents with a wide range of clinical manifestations, mainly involving the skin, mucosal surfaces, and skin appendages, and is often characterized by a relapsing course and variable response to treatment. Although several therapeutic strategies are available, many are off-label and show limited efficacy in resistant forms. Increasing evidence points to the central role of the JAK\/STAT signaling pathway in the immunopathogenesis of LP, with cytokines such as interferon-gamma and interleukin-21 playing key roles in sustaining chronic inflammation. Based on this rationale, Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have recently been proposed as potential therapeutic agents in LP. This review explores the biological basis for their use and systematically summarizes the existing clinical evidence on the use of JAK inhibitors in cutaneous, mucosal, appendageal, and nail variants of LP. The preliminary data suggests favorable outcomes in many patients with difficult-to-treat disease, with an acceptable safety profile. Further prospective trials are needed to establish their definitive role in the management of LP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61061056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T04:23:02Z","timestamp":1749442982000},"page":"1056","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Use of JAK Inhibitors in Lichen Planus: An Update"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6119-1870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dario","family":"Didona","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rare Skin Diseases Center, Istituto Dermopatico dell\u2019Immacolata, Istituto Dermopatico dell\u2019Immacolata-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0456-9582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raffaele Dante","family":"Caposiena Caro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatologic Clinic, Hospital Maggiore of Trieste, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5238-2336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Calabrese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy"},{"name":"Institute of Dermatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8315-3413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"D\u2019Onghia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Galluccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7199-0804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo Riccardo","family":"Di Nicola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d\u2019Aosta, 10154 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Rallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rare Skin Diseases Center, Istituto Dermopatico dell\u2019Immacolata, Istituto Dermopatico dell\u2019Immacolata-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Dermatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Science, University of La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Paolino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Dermatology and Cosmetology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"864","article-title":"Lichen planus\u2014A clinical guide","volume":"19","author":"Solimani","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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