{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T07:54:09Z","timestamp":1772783649097,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752710400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Unit of the Scientific Research Projects of Sivas Cumhuriyet University","award":["T-881"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T-881"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: The efficacy of newly synthesized water-soluble octa-mercaptopyridine-substituted oxotitanium (IV) phthalocyanine (oxo-TiPc) and copper (II) phthalocyanine (CuPc) compounds in photodynamic therapy (PDT) was investigated using human tongue squamous cell cancer cell line (SCC-9, ATCC) cultures. Materials and Methods: A laser light source with a wavelength of 635 nm was used for this study. The cytotoxic values of the cancerous (SCC-9) and healthy (L-929) cell samples to which different Pc concentrations were applied under laser light were evaluated spectroscopically with the XTT method. Results: The oxo-TiPc compound exhibited a significantly lower IC50 value (46.8 \u00b5M) for SCC-9 cells compared to the CuPc compound (286.2 \u00b5M), indicating higher anticancer activity. This cytotoxicity may be due to decreased aggregation and enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. Double-staining tests confirmed that oxo-TiPc-induced cell death included both apoptosis and necrosis. Conclusions: The findings show that the oxo-TiPc compound, unlike the CuPc compound, exhibited more selective toxicity to the SCC-9 cell line and has a higher phototoxic effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61071285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T10:33:47Z","timestamp":1752748427000},"page":"1285","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["In Vitro Efficacy of Water-Soluble Mercaptopyridine-Substituted Oxotitanium (IV) Phthalocyanine Compounds in Photodynamic Therapy of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7505-8723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merve","family":"\u00c7ift\u00e7i","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Tokat Erbaa State Hospital, 60500 Tokat, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3964-9363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mansur","family":"Do\u011fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0900-0336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Didem","family":"Duman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4552-1910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00d6zge G\u00f6ktu\u011f","family":"Temiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Pharmaceutical Development Department of R&D Center, Abdi Ibrahim Pharmaceuticals, 34538 Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmut","family":"Durmu\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Development Department of R&D Center, Abdi Ibrahim Pharmaceuticals, 34538 Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Efkan","family":"Ba\u011fda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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