{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T14:13:39Z","timestamp":1779200019471,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]],"date-time":"2025-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752883200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: CrossFit is a discipline involving a wide range of overhead movements performed at high intensity and under accumulated fatigue that predispose to a high risk of shoulder complex injuries. This study aimed to compare ultrasonographic findings between symptomatic and asymptomatic shoulders in CrossFit athletes. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to compare ultrasound parameters between the painful and non-painful shoulders in CrossFit athletes with unilateral subacromial shoulder pain. Assessed variables included subacromial subdeltoid bursa thickness, supraspinatus tendon thickness, the acromiohumeral distance, the coracoacromial ligament distance, the bicipital groove angle, cross-sectional area of the biceps brachii longus head tendon, as well as the serratus anterior and lower trapezius muscle thickness. Results: Twenty male CrossFit athletes (forty shoulders) with an average age of 25.70 \u00b1 4.03 years participated in the study. A statistically significant increase was observed (p &lt; 0.05) in the subacromial subdeltoid bursa thickness in the painful shoulder compared to the asymptomatic side. All other ultrasound parameters did not show statistically significant differences. Conclusions: Only subacromial subdeltoid bursa thickness differed significantly between sides. This isolated finding may not fully explain shoulder pain, which cannot be solely attributed to morphological changes. Further research is needed to determine the relationship between shoulder pain and ultrasound features in CrossFit athletes, as well as the role of ultrasound in predicting structural changes in pain conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61071304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T07:56:14Z","timestamp":1753084574000},"page":"1304","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Ultrasound-Based Morphological and Functional Assessment in Male CrossFit Athletes with Unilateral Subacromial Shoulder Pain: An Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5836-8017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabien","family":"Guerineau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Sport Sciences, European University of Madrid, Villaviciosa de Od\u00f3n, 28670 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8068-3854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ann","family":"Cools","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus UZ Gent, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B3, Entrance 46, 9000 Gent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2760-8644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaime","family":"Almaz\u00e1n-Polo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9000-8326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Dolores","family":"Sosa-Reina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Sport Sciences, European University of Madrid, Villaviciosa de Od\u00f3n, 28670 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1782-2524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanesa","family":"Abu\u00edn-Porras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Sport Sciences, European University of Madrid, Villaviciosa de Od\u00f3n, 28670 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristian","family":"Baroa-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Sport Sciences, European University of Madrid, Villaviciosa de Od\u00f3n, 28670 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2103-6761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Garc\u00eda-Gin\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Sport Sciences, European University of Madrid, Villaviciosa de Od\u00f3n, 28670 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Rom\u00e1n-Franganillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Sport Sciences, European University of Madrid, Villaviciosa de Od\u00f3n, 28670 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7215-3925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1ngel","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-de-la-Flor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Sport Sciences, European University of Madrid, Villaviciosa de Od\u00f3n, 28670 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325967120908884","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967120908884","article-title":"CrossFit and the Epidemiology of Musculoskeletal Injuries: A Prospective 12-Week Cohort Study","volume":"8","author":"Szeles","year":"2020","journal-title":"Orthop. 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