{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T04:25:46Z","timestamp":1770956746750,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Long-acting cabotegravir and rilpivirine (LA-CAB\/RPV) offers an alternative to daily oral antiretroviral therapy (ART) for people living with HIV (PLWH). Although LA-CAB\/RPV has been approved in Turkey, the country remains in the pre-rollout period, and national data on patient perspectives are lacking. This is the first nationwide study from Turkey, a setting of increasing HIV incidence, assessing PLWH perspectives on switching to LA-CAB\/RPV and the influence of motivational factors on treatment preferences. Materials and Methods: A prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted across 11 HIV treatment centers representing all regions of Turkey. Virologically suppressed PLWH meeting current eligibility criteria for LA-CAB\/RPV were included. Treatment preferences (switch to LA-CAB\/RPV or remain on oral ART) and five anticipated motivational domains, namely perceived efficacy, safety, convenience, privacy, and cost, were systematically assessed through structured, face-to-face interviews. Results: Among 200 eligible participants, 86% (n = 172) preferred switching to LA-CAB\/RPV. In all subgroups, LA-CAB\/RPV was preferred over oral ART, except for those with no formal literacy. Prior awareness of LA-CAB\/RPV was significantly associated with the switching preference (p &lt; 0.001), with healthcare providers being the most common source of information, at 45.5% (n = 172) (p &lt; 0.001). Residential proximity to the healthcare center (p = 0.018) and all motivational factors significantly influenced the preference (p &lt; 0.05). Notably, when participants who initially chose to remain on oral ART were asked whether they would reconsider switching if injections were administered every six months, overall preference for long-acting therapy increased from 86% to 98%. Conclusions: High clinical eligibility and strong acceptability for LA-CAB\/RPV were observed among Turkish PLWH. Our findings demonstrate that structured motivational factors significantly influence the treatment preference. Addressing these patient-centered factors and logistical barriers may support the successful integration of long-acting therapies into routine HIV care. Future longer-interval agents may improve patient-centered acceptability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61081373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T12:39:29Z","timestamp":1753792769000},"page":"1373","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Switching to Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine in Turkey: Perspectives from People Living with HIV in a Setting of Increasing HIV Incidence"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8213-6064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R\u0131dvan","family":"Dumlu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34214, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4061-2322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yeliz","family":"\u00c7i\u00e7ek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34214, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4115-3914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahir","family":"Kapmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34214, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6311-5428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Okan","family":"Derin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology PhD Program, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34810, Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul \u015ei\u015fli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34396, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7530-1279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Halis","family":"Akal\u0131n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uluda\u011f University, Bursa 16059, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6194-3254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"U\u011fur","family":"\u00d6nal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uluda\u011f University, Bursa 16059, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2890-6392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Egemen","family":"\u00d6zdemir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uluda\u011f University, Bursa 16059, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c7i\u011fdem","family":"Ataman Hatipo\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara 06230, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8760-0030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00fcnay","family":"Tuncer Ertem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara 06230, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alper","family":"\u015eener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir 35360, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leyla","family":"Akg\u00fcl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir 35360, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2298-7531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ye\u015fim","family":"\u00c7a\u011flar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir 10145, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Derya Tuna","family":"Ecer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir 10145, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mustafa Kemal","family":"\u00c7elen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir 21280, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6502-3193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nur Bahar","family":"O\u011fuz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir 21280, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Figen","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Antalya Vakif Yasam Hospital, Antalya 07060, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7769-4555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deniz","family":"Borcak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34147, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sevtap","family":"\u015eeno\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34147, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5490-465X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ey\u00fcp","family":"Arslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Sancaktepe Sehit Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34785, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sinan","family":"\u00c7etin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun 28200, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meryem","family":"Balc\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Hakkari State Hospital, Hakkari 30000, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8945-2385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Mert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34214, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Derin, O. 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