{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:26:22Z","timestamp":1787315182962,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,31]],"date-time":"2025-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a serious complication of antiresorptive and antiangiogenic therapies. Early and accurate imaging is crucial for diagnosis and management. This review summarizes the current evidence on MRONJ imaging findings across modalities and identifies gaps for future research. Materials and Methods: This narrative review analyzed 32 studies (2010\u20132024) retrieved from PubMed and EBSCO examining imaging findings and diagnostic patterns of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw across different modalities. Two independent reviewers screened all articles, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality. Results: Early-stage MRONJ findings included osteosclerosis, lamina dura thickening, and increased prominence of the inferior alveolar canal, while late-stage findings included periosteal reactions, sequestration, and cortical erosion. CBCT and MRI were most sensitive for early detection and lesion extent. However, substantial variability in imaging protocols limited direct comparisons between studies. Conclusions: This review highlights the variable imaging findings of MRONJ and the need for standardized protocols. Advanced imaging techniques and quantitative indices hold promise for improving early diagnosis, staging, and management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61091578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T08:28:15Z","timestamp":1756715295000},"page":"1578","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Imaging Modalities in Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: A Narrative Review of Diagnostic Findings and Staging"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Marius Ciprian","family":"Manole","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetics and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihnea","family":"Nicoar\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandru Victor","family":"Burde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Technology, Faculty of Nursing and Life Sciences, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioana","family":"Hede\u0219iu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan Nicolae","family":"Bele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihaela","family":"Hede\u0219iu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florin","family":"Cri\u0219an","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandru","family":"Grecu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetics and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5651-7215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cosmin","family":"Sinescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetic Technology and Dental Materials, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300070 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1126-3944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meda Lavinia","family":"Negrutiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetic Technology and Dental Materials, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300070 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S33983","article-title":"Importance of Antiresorptive Therapies for Patients with Bone Metastases from Solid Tumors","volume":"4","author":"Talreja","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Manag. 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