{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T06:19:09Z","timestamp":1765261149579,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014677","name":"Universitatea de Medicin\u0103, Farmacie, \u0218tiin\u021be \u0219i Tehnologie \u201eGeorge Emil Palade\u201d din T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["no. 511\/4\/17 January 2022, Determination of the levels of osteocalcin and N-telopeptide from the crevicular fluid"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["no. 511\/4\/17 January 2022, Determination of the levels of osteocalcin and N-telopeptide from the crevicular fluid"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014677","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Orthodontic tooth movement triggers micro-trauma in the periodontal ligament, leading to a balanced process of bone resorption and apposition mediated by local inflammatory responses. Monitoring N-telopeptide levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and applying low-intensity laser biostimulation can help optimize mechanical loading, reduce adverse effects, and enhance tissue remodeling during treatment. Materials and Methods: This study had a split-mouth observational design. From 30 patients with ages between 20 and 50, with standardized fixed orthodontic treatment, GCF samples were collected from both control and laser-treated hemiarches before and 14 days after appliance activation. Low-intensity laser therapy (LLLT) was applied to selected sites to assess its effect on N-telopeptide levels, a marker of bone resorption, with samples analyzed via ELISA and results compared statistically to evaluate the impact of laser biostimulation during orthodontic treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-tests or Wilcoxon tests for two-group comparisons. Results: N-telopeptide levels in gingival crevicular fluid increased significantly from baseline (T0) to 14 days (T1) in both the laser-treated (HL) and control (sham) hemiarches (HC), with higher values observed in the lasered side. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences between HL and HC at T1 (p &lt; 0.0001), as well as between each T1 group and baseline, indicating that low-intensity laser therapy enhanced bone resorption activity during orthodontic tooth movement. Conclusions: N-telopeptide exhibited higher values in the hemiarches where laser therapy was applied than in the control ones. This provides a rationale for using laser biostimulation as an adjuvant during orthodontic treatment to modulate tissue restructuring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61122170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T15:11:24Z","timestamp":1764947484000},"page":"2170","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of Laser Therapy During Orthodontic Treatment in Adult Patients by Determining N-Telopeptide Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5499-4299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lumini\u021ba","family":"Laz\u0103r","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Ghe. Marinescu Street, 540139 T\u00e2rgu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dora Maria","family":"Popescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rares Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6601-3870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timea","family":"Dak\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology and Oral Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Ghe. Marinescu Street, 540139 T\u00e2rgu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mihaela","family":"Moisei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, \u201cLower Danube\u201d University of Gala\u021bi, 35 Al.I. Cuza Street, 800010 Gala\u021bi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1569-1601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorin Nicolae","family":"Gheorghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rares Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anamaria","family":"Bud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pedodontics, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Ghe. Marinescu Street, 540139 T\u00e2rgu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9530-3300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u0103d\u0103lina","family":"Oprica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Laboratory, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mure\u0219, 38 Ghe. Marinescu Street, 540142 T\u00e2rgu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"P\u0103curar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Ghe. Marinescu Street, 540139 T\u00e2rgu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana-Petra","family":"Laz\u0103r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Occlusology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Ghe. Marinescu Street, 540139 T\u00e2rgu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-020-00334-4","article-title":"Duration of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances in adolescents and adults: A systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Abbing","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prog. 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