{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T01:57:39Z","timestamp":1784944659539,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Individuals with chronic tetraplegia frequently present altered body composition and metabolic dysregulation, which may not be adequately reflected by traditional markers such as body mass index. This study aimed to evaluate body composition, dietary patterns, and biochemical profiles in adults with chronic tetraplegia, and to explore cross-domain associations between these outcomes. Materials and Methods: Eleven adults with chronic tetraplegia underwent anthropometric assessment (BMI, body fat %, triceps skinfold), dietary evaluation, and fasting biochemical analysis (lipids and glucose). Data distribution was tested with Shapiro\u2013Wilk. Between-sex comparisons were explored with Mann\u2013Whitney U tests. Pearson correlations were performed across domains (diet\u2014body composition; diet\u2014biochemical markers; body composition\u2014biochemical markers). Statistical significance was set at p &lt; 0.05. Results: Despite normal BMI values, participants showed elevated body fat percentages. Dietary intake was characterized by excessive lipid consumption and suboptimal protein contribution. Cross-domain correlations revealed that higher energy and macronutrient intakes were associated with one another. Protein intake was inversely correlated with triglyceride levels (r = \u22120.63, p = 0.038), while triceps skinfold showed a strong correlation with body fat percentage (r = 0.78, p = 0.004). Fasting glucose was positively correlated with total cholesterol (r = 0.61, p = 0.046). Most correlations did not reach statistical significance, likely due to limited sample size, but provided exploratory insight into the interplay between diet, adiposity, and metabolic markers. Conclusions: Individuals with chronic tetraplegia may exhibit increased adiposity and early metabolic alterations despite normal BMI and modest reported energy intake. These findings reinforce the inadequacy of BMI for nutritional assessment in SCI and highlight the need for integrated evaluation\u2014including body composition, dietary quality, and biochemical monitoring\u2014to guide personalized interventions aimed at reducing cardiometabolic risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61122182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T15:30:07Z","timestamp":1765207807000},"page":"2182","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Nutritional Status, Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Profile in Individuals with Tetraplegia: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3146-5778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Olcina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica, Nutrici\u00f3n y Bromatolog\u00eda, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1ngel","family":"Camblor-Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8908-5156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernardo Jos\u00e9","family":"Cuestas-Calero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yolanda","family":"Nadal-Nicol\u00e1s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bel\u00e9n","family":"Leyva-Vela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica, Nutrici\u00f3n y Bromatolog\u00eda, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Vicente-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica, Nutrici\u00f3n y Bromatolog\u00eda, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3666-2224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Izan","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica, Nutrici\u00f3n y Bromatolog\u00eda, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9311-6576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Y\u00e1\u00f1ez-Sep\u00falveda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Educaci\u00f3n y Ciencias Sociales, Instituto del Deporte y Bienestar, Universidad Andres Bello, Las Condes, Santiago 7550000, Chile"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad Esp\u00edritu Santo (UEES), Samborond\u00f3n 091650, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8033-4777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillermo","family":"Cort\u00e9s-Roco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Education, Pedagogy in Physical Education, Universidad Vi\u00f1a del Mar, Vi\u00f1a del Mar 2520000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7499-1471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica, Nutrici\u00f3n y Bromatolog\u00eda, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain"},{"name":"Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4720-6802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aar\u00f3n","family":"Manzanares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1576976","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2025.1576976","article-title":"Nutritional Alterations, Adverse Consequences, and Comprehensive Assessment in Spinal Cord Injury: A Review","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. 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