{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T10:35:14Z","timestamp":1766054114253,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003086","name":"HAZITEK program of the Basque Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZL-2021\/00557"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZL-2021\/00557"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003086","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: The aim of this study is to employ quantitative proteomics to elucidate the molecular mechanism and signaling pathways modulated by plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) in a murine model of geographic atrophy (GA)-like retinal degeneration. Materials and Methods: C57BL\/6J mice were used as a model GA-like retinal degeneration by a single systemic NaIO3 administration. Animals were divided into three groups: Control (PBS), Disease (NaIO3 + PBS), and PRGF-treated (NaIO3 + PRGF). After 7 days, retinas and retinal pigment epithelium were collected for proteomic analysis. Proteins were extracted, digested using the FASP method, and analyzed by Data-Independent Acquisition (DIA-PASEF) mass spectrometry; data were processed with DIA-NN and statistically analyzed with Perseus. Functional pathway analysis was performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Results: A total of 6511 proteins were identified. The Disease model showed the expected deregulation of pathways related to oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Comparison between the PRGF and Control groups showed that PRGF significantly reduced oxidative and cellular stress proteins\/pathways. In the same way, when PRGF and Disease groups were compared, PRGF treatment showed a significant reduction in pathways associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and cellular stress. PRGF also activated several homeostatic pathways not only related to neuroprotective pathways but also with the lipid deposition (drusen) reduction. All these results suggest that PRGF treatment exerts a protective effect against NaIO3-induced retinal damage. Conclusions: These findings suggest that PRGF effectively mitigates the degenerative effects of NaIO3 by activating specific protective and compensatory signaling pathways in the retina. PRGF is indicated as a promising new therapeutic option for ameliorating age-related macular degeneration progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61122235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T10:06:56Z","timestamp":1766052416000},"page":"2235","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Proteomic Insights into the Retinal Response to PRGF in a Mouse Model of Age-Related Macular Degeneration"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8386-5303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Anitua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, BTI\u2014Biotechnology Institute, 01007 Vitoria, Spain"},{"name":"University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology\u2014UIRMI (UPV\/EHU-Fundaci\u00f3n Eduardo Anitua), 01007 Vitoria, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7359-1698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Muruzabal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, BTI\u2014Biotechnology Institute, 01007 Vitoria, Spain"},{"name":"University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology\u2014UIRMI (UPV\/EHU-Fundaci\u00f3n Eduardo Anitua), 01007 Vitoria, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9328-9725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio","family":"Recalde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Cl\u00ednica Universitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain"},{"name":"Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6820-1517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"de la Fuente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, BTI\u2014Biotechnology Institute, 01007 Vitoria, Spain"},{"name":"University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology\u2014UIRMI (UPV\/EHU-Fundaci\u00f3n Eduardo Anitua), 01007 Vitoria, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8940-0953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iraia","family":"Reparaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, BTI\u2014Biotechnology Institute, 01007 Vitoria, Spain"},{"name":"University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology\u2014UIRMI (UPV\/EHU-Fundaci\u00f3n Eduardo Anitua), 01007 Vitoria, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9115-3202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mikel","family":"Azkargorta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Proteomics Platform, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8839-5438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e9lix","family":"Elortza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Proteomics Platform, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4422-4527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Hamdan","family":"Alkhraisat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, BTI\u2014Biotechnology Institute, 01007 Vitoria, Spain"},{"name":"University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology\u2014UIRMI (UPV\/EHU-Fundaci\u00f3n Eduardo Anitua), 01007 Vitoria, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Medicine and Periodontology Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease Study, Blindness, G.B.D., and Vision Impairment, C. 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