{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T05:12:21Z","timestamp":1770700341095,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Chronic tinnitus in patients with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is frequently linked to psychological distress and affective temperament traits. This study examined audiological characteristics, psychological profiles, and their interrelations in adults with tinnitus. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional single-centre study, 38 adults with chronic tinnitus and bilateral SNHL underwent otoscopy, tympanometry, and pure-tone audiometry. Participants were classified into two audiometric groups: high-frequency gently sloping (N = 19) and ski-slope hearing loss (N = 19). The audiological and psychological assessment included the THI, TFI, TEMPS-A, and STAXI-2. Groups were compared using non-parametric statistics (Mann\u2013Whitney U, Chi-square). Relationships between anger and psychological variables were examined using Spearman correlations. Results: Females were more frequently represented in the gently sloping group (p = 0.044) and showed greater quality-of-life impairment (p = 0.045) and lower hyperthymic scores (p = 0.004). Patients with gently sloping loss had longer tinnitus duration (p = 0.026), while cyclothymic temperament was higher in the ski-slope group (p = 0.013). THI scores differed significantly between audiometric groups (p = 0.011). State and trait anger were strongly associated with several affective temperaments, and sleep disturbance correlated with both anger and anxious temperament. THI correlated positively with anxious temperament and sleep impairment. Conclusions: Audiometric phenotype, affective temperament, and anger-related traits are closely intertwined with tinnitus severity and its psychological burden. These findings support the need for multidisciplinary assessment in the management of tinnitus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina62020340","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T10:45:31Z","timestamp":1770633931000},"page":"340","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Affective Temperaments and Anger in Patients with Tinnitus and High-Frequency Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2134-8535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Portelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Adult and Development Age Human Pathology \u201cGaetano Barresi\u201d, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9334-4803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Lombardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of \u201cScienze della Salute\u201d, University of \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1527-2046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabrina","family":"Loteta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Adult and Development Age Human Pathology \u201cGaetano Barresi\u201d, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5115-6027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Ciodaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Adult and Development Age Human Pathology \u201cGaetano Barresi\u201d, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Bartolotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9938-4187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cosimo","family":"Galletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Kore University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4611-3740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmela","family":"Mento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6695-151X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Alibrandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Statistical and Mathematical Sciences, Department of Economics, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3947-8116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Alberti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Adult and Development Age Human Pathology \u201cGaetano Barresi\u201d, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Z., Lu, Y., Chen, C., Lin, S., Xie, T., Luo, X., Lin, Y., Chen, Y., Feng, Y., and Xiong, G. 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