{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T14:13:47Z","timestamp":1774275227404,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Rapid recovery and patient comfort are key goals in ambulatory surgery. Although sevoflurane anesthesia is widely used, target-controlled infusion (TCI) with propofol and remifentanil has gained attention for its potential benefits. However, comparative data regarding recovery profiles and respiratory safety remain limited. Materials and Methods: In this prospective randomized controlled trial, 51 ASA I\u2013II patients undergoing outpatient gynecologic surgery were assigned to either a TCI group (n = 25) or an inhalation mask (IM) group using sevoflurane and nitrous oxide (n = 26). Primary outcomes included time to postanesthesia care unit (PACU) discharge readiness and patient and surgeon satisfaction. Secondary outcomes included eye-opening time, anesthesia duration, PACU stay, and respiratory adverse events. Results: Time to Aldrete score \u22659 did not differ significantly between groups (p = 0.697). The IM group demonstrated faster eye opening (p = 0.002), while patient satisfaction was higher in the TCI group (p &lt; 0.001). Surgeon satisfaction favored the IM group (p = 0.035). Respiratory depression occurred more frequently in the TCI group (28.0% vs. 0%, p = 0.012). Conclusions: Sevoflurane anesthesia allowed faster emergence, whereas TCI provided greater patient satisfaction but increased respiratory risk. Both techniques are feasible for ambulatory gynecologic surgery when appropriately selected. Trial registration: This study was retrospectively registered at the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS), Republic of Korea (KCT0011352).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina62030596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T13:07:06Z","timestamp":1774271226000},"page":"596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of Monitored Anesthesia Care with Target-Controlled Infusion and Sevoflurane Mask Anesthesia for Outpatient Gynecologic Surgery: A Single-Center Prospective Randomized Controlled Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9255-6994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaesuk","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16247, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0127-7519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haneul","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16247, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0249-4190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"So Young","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16247, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.4240\/wjgs.v9.i2.37","article-title":"Enhanced recovery after surgery: Current research insights and future direction","volume":"9","author":"Abeles","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J. 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Anaesth."}],"container-title":["Medicina"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/62\/3\/596\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T13:41:18Z","timestamp":1774273278000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/62\/3\/596"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["medicina62030596"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina62030596","relation":{},"ISSN":["1648-9144"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1648-9144","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]]}}}