{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T23:19:16Z","timestamp":1791933556418,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":194,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova","award":["10\/0804\/2\/15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10\/0804\/2\/15"]}]},{"award":["10\/0804\/2\/15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10\/0804\/2\/15"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/031d5vw30","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The prevalence of Crohn\u2019s disease has increased over the last few decades, even in developing countries, whereas that of intestinal tuberculosis has decreased, which places both diseases at an epidemiological crossroads. Crohn\u2019s disease and intestinal tuberculosis share many clinical, endoscopic, imaging, and pathological features, which sometimes make differential diagnosis very difficult; an accurate diagnosis is, however, very important since an erroneous treatment can worsen the evolution or delay proper therapy. The association between past TB infection and Crohn\u2019s disease can make the diagnosis especially hard. This review summarizes current data on specific features that allow differentiation between Crohn\u2019s disease and intestinal tuberculosis, paying particular attention to the microbiome, clinical signs, endoscopy, cross-sectional imaging, bacteriological, and immunological findings detailed. The importance of computerized models and scores for the differentiation is also detailed, because common features may make the differentiation based on a single criterion difficult.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina62040794","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T07:57:21Z","timestamp":1776758241000},"page":"794","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Overlap Between Crohn\u2019s Disease and Intestinal Tuberculosis: A Never-Ending Story"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9623-7683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergiu Marian","family":"Cazacu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"},{"name":"Clinical Emergency Hospital Craiova, 200642 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Costin Teodor","family":"Streba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Emergency Hospital Craiova, 200642 Craiova, Romania"},{"name":"Pneumology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristian","family":"Constantin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Emergency Hospital Craiova, 200642 Craiova, Romania"},{"name":"Imaging Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5675-1741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudiu Marinel","family":"Ionele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"},{"name":"Clinical Emergency Hospital Craiova, 200642 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ion","family":"Rogoveanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"},{"name":"Clinical Emergency Hospital Craiova, 200642 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandru Valentin","family":"Popescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"},{"name":"Gastroenterology Department, Clinical Emergency Clinical Hospital, 200239 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirela-Marinela","family":"Florescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Emergency Hospital Craiova, 200642 Craiova, Romania"},{"name":"Pathology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.12495","article-title":"Intestinal tuberculosis or Crohn\u2019s disease: Illusion or delusion or allusion","volume":"5","author":"Kedia","year":"2021","journal-title":"JGH Open"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1159\/000496482","article-title":"Making a Positive Diagnosis of Intestinal Tuberculosis with the Aid of New Biologic and Histologic Features: How Far Have We Reached?","volume":"3","author":"Mehta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflamm. 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