{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T13:16:02Z","timestamp":1777900562643,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: This study aimed to identify osseous and dental mandibular landmarks that consistently indicate the location of the mental foramen, the primary reference for the mental\u2013incisive trunk block. Materials and Methods: Computed Tomography (CT) scans of the mandibles of 100 patients from a Romanian population (N = 100) were retrospectively analyzed to measure the following: distances from the mental foramen to the basal border of the mandible, alveolar process\/crest, and midline, as well as the position of the foramen relative to the lower premolars. These measurements were correlated with patients\u2019 age (divided into three groups: 18\u201330 years, 30\u201360 years, &gt;60 years) and gender. Results: The mental foramen was found to be closer to the alveolar crest (13.3 mm with SD = 3.3 in males and 10.7 mm with SD = 4.4 in females, overall mean = 12.3 mm, SD = 4.0) (p = 0.001) than to the inferior border of the mandible (14.3 mm with SD = 1.8 in males and 12.9 mm with SD = 1.6 in females, overall mean = 13.7 mm, SD = 1.9) (p &lt; 0.001). In addition, the foramen was most frequently located adjacent to the second premolar (27.0%) rather than between the premolars (20.0%) and at a distance of \u22432.5 cm lateral to the midline (overall mean = 25.2 mm, SD = 3.5) (p = 0.034). Conclusions: Following the measurements performed, the mental foramen was identified as being closer to the alveolar crest in the vertical direction, at a distance of approximately 2.5 cm lateral to the midline, and most frequently located at the level of the second lower premolar.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina62050871","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T10:15:27Z","timestamp":1777630527000},"page":"871","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dento\u2013Osseous Variability of the Mental Foramen: A Retrospective CT-Based Morphometric Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Andrei","family":"Ur\u00eetu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, University Clinic of Anesthesiology and Oral Surgery, Research Center of Dento-Alveolar Surgery, Anesthesia and Sedation in Dental Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4790-4560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Roi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinic of Oral Pathology, Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3214-9278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ciprian","family":"Roi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinic of Anesthesiology and Oral Surgery, Research Center of Dento-Alveolar Surgery, Anesthesia and Sedation in Dental Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Doina","family":"Chioran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinic of Anesthesiology and Oral Surgery, Research Center of Dento-Alveolar Surgery, Anesthesia and Sedation in Dental Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandru C\u0103t\u0103lin","family":"Motofelea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ioana","family":"Rivi\u0219","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maxillofacial Surgeon, Rivis Dental Clinic, 307160 Dumbravita, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mircea-Alexandru","family":"B\u0103l\u0103\u0219oiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, University Clinic of Anesthesiology and Oral Surgery, Research Center of Dento-Alveolar Surgery, Anesthesia and Sedation in Dental Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6325-185X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Radu","family":"Dan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery I, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 30041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5626-1064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mircea","family":"Rivi\u0219","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinic of Anesthesiology and Oral Surgery, Research Center of Dento-Alveolar Surgery, Anesthesia and Sedation in Dental Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"509","article-title":"The surgical anatomy of the inferior alveolar nerve: A meta-analysis with clinical implications","volume":"83","author":"Trzeciak","year":"2024","journal-title":"Folia Morphol."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"e1004\u20131011","article-title":"Anatomical characteristics of mental foramen and canal: A cone-beam computed tomography analysis","volume":"16","author":"Mallahi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Exp. Dent."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-015-1565-x","article-title":"Finding the mental foramen","volume":"38","author":"Laher","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surg. Radiol. 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Diagnostics, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14121277"}],"container-title":["Medicina"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/62\/5\/871\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T10:35:39Z","timestamp":1777631739000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/62\/5\/871"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["medicina62050871"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina62050871","relation":{},"ISSN":["1648-9144"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1648-9144","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]}}}